The\ theories and practices of \*vāda\* as described in this book belong to antiquity, but they have not been treated as antique or mummified. The issues generated by the changing socio-political situations were taken up in traditional \*vāda\* discourses. This has led to paradigm shifts. For example, the consideration for \*mokṣa\* (salvation) has been unique in Indian intellectual discourses. In the past two centuries, the discourse on \*mokṣa\* did not remain confined to individual aspirations; it was also considered at social and global levels. Paṇḍit Baljinnath, a traditional scholar of Śaivism from Kashmir of twentieth century, redefines the concept of \*mukti\* with its varieties, and he includes \*rāṣṭramukti\* (liberation of the nation) as one of them in his \*Svātantryadarpaṇaḥ\* — an original treatise on Śaiva philosophy. - [Previous: c11.s18.123](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c11.s18.123) - [Next: c12.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c12.2) - [Up: c12](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c12) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c12.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c12.1) · Pramāṇa