[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Science, technology and education](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science) › [Vada in Theory and Practice: Studies in Debates, Dialogues and Discussions in Indian Intellectual Discourses](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021) › c7.s2.18 # Vada in Theory and Practice: Studies in Debates, Dialogues and Discussions in Indian Intellectual Discourses c7.s2.18 Vāda in Theory and Practice: Studies in Debates, Dialogues and Discussions in Indian Intellectual Discourses c7.s2.18 - **Language:** English ### [c7.s2.18](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c7.s2.18) After this Caraka produces a long list of technical terms with which the participants in a debate should be well-acquainted.⁴⁸ Out of the forty categories cited by him, the following are in addition to the ones defined by Gautama: \*drava\*, \*guṇa\*, \*karma\*, \*sāmānya\*, \*viśeṣa\*, \*samavāya\*, \*sthāpanā\*, \*pratiṣṭhāpanā\*, \*uttara\*, \*aitihya\*, \*aupamya\*, \*jijñāsā\*, \*vyavasāya\*, \*arthaprāpti\*, \*sambhava\*, \*anuyojya\*, \*ananuyojya\*, \*anuyoga\*, \*pratyanuyoga\*, \*vākyadoṣa\* and \*vākyapraśaṁsā\*. \*Siddhānta\* is included in sixteen \*padārthas\* (universal categories) of \*Nyāyadarśana\*. Some of his terms like \*atītakāla\*, \*upalambha\*, \*parihāra\*, \*pratijñāhāni\*, \*abhyanujñā\*, \*hetvantara\* and \*arthāntara\* cited here by Caraka are included in the \*nigrahasthānas\* and whereas some others may fall under the \*hetvābhāsas\* (fallacies). He has used the term \*ahetu\* for fallacious reason and has defined here three types of \*ahetus\*: \*prakaraṇasama\*, \*saṁśayasama\* and \*varṇyasama\*. - [Previous: c7.s2.17](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c7.s2.17) - [Next: c7.s2.19](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c7.s2.19) - [Up: c7.s2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c7.s2) ## Cites (1) - [Nyāyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.pracina.nyayasutra) — Akṣapāda Gautama, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c7.s2.18](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c7.s2.18) · Pramāṇa