[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Science, technology and education](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science) › [Vada in Theory and Practice: Studies in Debates, Dialogues and Discussions in Indian Intellectual Discourses](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021) › c8.s9.23 # Vada in Theory and Practice: Studies in Debates, Dialogues and Discussions in Indian Intellectual Discourses c8.s9.23 Vāda in Theory and Practice: Studies in Debates, Dialogues and Discussions in Indian Intellectual Discourses c8.s9.23 - **Language:** English ### [c8.s9.23](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c8.s9.23) The Cārvāka’s contention that perception is the only means of knowledge is refuted by Udayana with reasons for accepting inference. Perception does not work even in the well-known example of inference, i.e. “there is fire on the mountain, because smoke is arising from its top”. - [Previous: c8.s9.22](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c8.s9.22) - [Next: c8.s9.24](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c8.s9.24) - [Up: c8.s9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c8.s9) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c8.s9.23](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c8.s9.23) · Pramāṇa