[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Science, technology and education](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science) › [Vada in Theory and Practice: Studies in Debates, Dialogues and Discussions in Indian Intellectual Discourses](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021) › c9.12 # Vada in Theory and Practice: Studies in Debates, Dialogues and Discussions in Indian Intellectual Discourses c9.12 Vāda in Theory and Practice: Studies in Debates, Dialogues and Discussions in Indian Intellectual Discourses c9.12 - **Language:** English ### [c9.12](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c9.12) These philosophies adopted a sustained strategy of debate for countering the social discordances arising out of the \*varṇāśrama\*-centric culture. They made strong refutations of the norms of hierarchy. The systems they tried to evolve transgressed such norms, but ultimately achieved a reconciliation. The very term \*vāma mārga\* (left path) which came into prevalence for the Tantric cults denotes the adaptation of the ways and means to transgress all orthodoxy. - [Previous: c9.11](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c9.11) - [Next: c9.13](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c9.13) - [Up: c9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c9) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c9.12](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.tripathi-2021.c9.12) · Pramāṇa