Shringaraprakasha 2.p1.13

2.p1.13

te hyevamāhuḥ--’tasya bāvasttvatalau’ bhavato'smābhidhānaprayayāmiti bhāvaḥ| tadasat; na hi gotvaṃ gauriti jñānasyotpattānapādānatāṃ janayat ’janikartuḥ prakṛtiḥ’ ’bhuvaḥ prabhavo vā’ bhavati; yathā--śṛṅgāccharo jāyate, himavato gaṅgā prabhanatīti | jñānaṃ tvātmana eva jāyate, manasaivodbhavati ; tadāha--’vyāpakādapyātmano yugapat jñānānutpattirmanaso liṅgam ; nāhamadrākṣaṃ, nāhamaśrauṣaṃ, nāhamajñāsiṣaṃ, anyatra me mano'bhūditi ’ | nimittatvaṃ tu gauriti jñānotpattau śabdasyeva gotvāderapīṣyata eva | tatra yathā samavāyinaḥ śvaityat śvaityabuddhaiḥ śvete śvaityabuddhiḥ, tathā samavāyino gotvādgotivabuddheḥ gavi gotvabuddhiḥ ; te parasparaṃ kāryakāraṇabhūte iti | abhidhānaṃ tu śabdaḥ ; sa ca ye noñcāritenārthaḥ pratīyate | tasyāpi na gotvamavadhirbhavati | śabdo hyākāśādeva jāyate, mukhādeva prabhanati ; na gotvādaiḥ | tadāhuḥ--’mukhe hi śabdamupalābhāmahe bhūmāvartham’ iti | yadā'pi nityaḥ śabda iti mataṃ tadā'pi śabdasya gotvādayo vācyāḥ viśeṣyāḥ pratyāyyatve tu vipariṇāmaviparivartapakṣayorvakṣyamāṇanyāyena pratyuta śabdasyaivāvadhitvam| adhāyasastu sāddaśyādupādherupādhisāddaśyābhyāṃ vā saṃbhavati ; yathā--śuktikādau rajatādeḥ, sphaṭikādau raktādeḥ, pratibimbādau nukhāderiti | tatra yo yadadhyāsyate , yo yadadhyāste vā, sa tasyādhikaraṇaṃ karma va āsyāt, na tvevāvadhiḥ ; gotvaṃ nimuttamupādāya gośabdo gāmadhyāste gavi vā'dhyāsyate | tadiṣyata eva ’yasya guṇasya hi bhāvāt dravyaṃ śabdaniveśaḥ tadabhidhāvane tvatalau’ iti || 2.10. dhātvartharūpaḥ kṛdabhigadheyo bahuraṅgaḥ ;

For they say as follows: "In 'tasya bhavas tvatalau' (the state of that takes -tva and -tal), 'state' means that from which this linguistic designation and cognition arise." That is incorrect; for cowness does not generate the cognition 'cow' by functioning as the source of origin under [the rules] 'the material cause of the agent of coming into being' or 'the place of emergence of the verb "to become"'; as in: 'an arrow is produced from a horn' or 'the Ganges flows from the Himalayas.' Cognition, rather, arises solely from the self and originates solely from the mind; as has been said: 'The non-production of cognitions simultaneously, even though the self is all-pervading, is the inferential mark of the mind; [as reflected in:] "I did not see, I did not hear, I did not know; my mind was elsewhere."' However, instrumentality in producing the cognition 'cow' is indeed accepted for cowness and the like, just as it is for the word. In that case, just as from the whiteness belonging to an inhering locus arises the cognition of whiteness with respect to the white object, so from the cowness belonging to an inhering locus arises the cognition of cowness with respect to the cow; these two stand in a mutual cause-and-effect relationship. Linguistic designation, however, is linguistic sound; and that is what, when uttered, makes the meaning known. For that too, cowness does not serve as the boundary point. For linguistic sound is produced solely from space and emerges solely from the mouth, not from cowness and the like. As they say: 'Indeed, we perceive the linguistic sound in the mouth, and the meaning in the world.' Even when the view is held that linguistic sound is eternal, even then cowness and the like are the denotata, the qualificands of the linguistic sound; yet with respect to being that which is made known, by the logic to be stated regarding the positions of modification and transformation, the boundary point belongs conversely to linguistic sound itself. Superimposition, on the other hand, occurs through similarity, through an adjunct, or through both adjunct and similarity; as in the case of silver upon mother-of-pearl, redness upon crystal, or a face upon a reflected image. In that case, that which is superimposed upon something, or that which superimposes upon something, becomes its locus or its object, but never its boundary point; taking cowness as its occasion, the word 'cow' is superimposed upon the cow, or superimposes itself in the cow. It is accepted indeed that: 'That quality through whose presence a word is applied to a substance is denoted when -tva and -tal are added.' 2.10. That which has the nature of the meaning of a verbal root and is expressed by primary affixes is the external [state];