Shringaraprakasha 5.p1.14

5.p1.14

evamete dhāturūpāyāḥ prakṛterarthopādhayaḥ pratyayarūpāyāḥ svapratyayārthopādhaya evopādhayo bhavanti | prātipadirūpāyāstu svārthādapyaliṅgasaṅkhyāparimāṇakarakasaṃbandhasaṃbodhanasahārthatādarthyahetulakṣaṇādaya upādhayo vidyante | te tu pratyayārthopaskārārthaprātipadikārtheṣvanantarameva varṇayiṣyanta iti neha pratanyante | 5.9. atha pratyayārthopādhiḥ | tatra kārakopādhiṣu puruṣa uktāḥ ; saṅkhyātvagratobhidhāsyate | apare'pi cāsya yasya vidhinimantraṇādhīṣyasaṃprāśnaprārthanapraiṣātisargaprāptakālaśaktyarhagarhādayaḥ upādhayo bhavanti | tadyathā--agnihatraṃ juhuyāt, iha bhuñcita iha bhāvānāstām, bhāvanmāṇavakamadhyāpayet, kiṃ nu khalu vyakaraṇamadhīyīya, itaśchando labheyāhaṃ bhikṣāt, ārśasanamapi prārthanameva, ciraṃ jīvyaḥ, grāmaṃ gaccha, gacchānujñāto'si, kuru kaṭaṃ prāptaste kālaḥ kaṭakaraṇe, bhavānkhalu śatruṃ hanyāt khalu tatrabhavān bhāraṃ vahet, kathaṃ navāma tatrabhavānvṛṣalaṃ yājayediti | evamanye'pi tacchīlataddharmatatsādhukārihetvānulomyaśaktivayovacanakṛcchrānudyamanaśilpilakṣaṇaliṅgādayo'vagantavyāḥ | yathā---vaditā janāpavādāt, muṇḍayitāraḥ śrāviṣṭhāyanāḥ, vadhūmūḍhāṃ kanyāmalaṅkariṇaaṇuḥ, yāśaskarī vidyā, ājñākarī bhāryā, hastighno bhaṭaḥ kavacaharaḥ kṣatriyakumāraḥ, dhārayannupaniṣadam, aṃśaharassutaḥ, nartakī veśyā, jāyāghnastilakaḥ, vyasasya vacanaṃ, pāṇineruktiḥ, kālidāsasya prabandha iti | 5.10. ayomayopādhiḥ | so'pi saṃjñājātiprabhāsaparimāṇadyūtābhreṣabhāṣācchandomantrabrāhmaṇāśīrutkośādibhedādanantaprakāraḥ |

In this way, these are the qualifying conditions on the meaning of a base that is a verbal root; the qualifying conditions on [a base] that is an affix are simply the qualifying conditions on the meaning of its own affix. But for [a base] that is a nominal stem, there are qualifying conditions beyond its own meaning, such as gender, number, measure, syntactic role, relation, address, companion-sense, purpose, reason, and characteristic mark. Since these will be explained immediately below under the meanings of affixes, augment-meanings, and nominal-stem meanings, they are not elaborated here. 5.9. Now, the qualifying condition on affix-meaning. Among these, grammatical persons have been mentioned under the qualifying conditions of syntactic roles; number will be stated ahead. And there are also other qualifying conditions for this [affix], such as injunction, invitation, courteous request, question in deliberation, asking, direction, permission, opportune time, ability, fitness, and censure. For example: 'One should offer the Agnihotra' (injunction); 'Eat here; may you remain here' (invitation); 'Sir, teach the boy' (courteous request); 'Should I indeed study grammar?' (question in deliberation); 'May I obtain food-alms from here?' (asking) — a benediction is also just an asking — 'May you live long!' (benediction); 'Go to the village' (direction); 'Go, you are permitted' (permission); 'Make the mat; your time has come for making the mat' (opportune time); 'Indeed you could slay the enemy, sir; indeed your honor could carry the burden' (ability); 'How indeed could your honor sacrifice for a śūdra?' (censure). Likewise, others are to be understood, such as: nature, duty, doing well, cause, complaisance, capacity, age, speech, distress, absence of effort, artisan, characteristic, and gender. For example: 'one who is in the habit of speaking on account of public censure'; 'the Śrāviṣṭhāyanas are prone to shave [their heads]'; 'one inclined to adorn a maiden married as a bride'; 'knowledge bringing fame'; 'an obedient wife'; 'an elephant-slaying soldier'; 'an armor-stripping young kṣatriya'; 'one capable of holding the Upaniṣad'; 'a son who takes his share'; 'a dancing courtesan'; 'a mole that kills the wife'; 'the speech of Vyāsa'; 'the statement of Pāṇini'; 'the composition of Kālidāsa'. 5.10. The qualifying condition of [the particle] cvi and the like. It too is of manifold variety through distinctions such as name, universal, brilliance, measure, gambling, absence of fault, colloquial language, Vedic meter, Vedic mantra, Brāhmaṇa passage, benediction, and exclamation.