Shringaraprakasha 1.p1.11

1.p1.11

param, vai, vāva, eva, ha, aha, tu, and u convey injunction; as in: 'Virtue alone (param) is one's friend on the journey to the next world, alas'; 'The Veda indeed (vai) is the root of dharma'; 'Two indeed (vāva) are the forms of Brahman'; 'The Self alone (eva) was this in the beginning'; 'He indeed (ha) spoke'; 'You, indeed (aha), go to the village'; 'I will tell you, however (tu)'; 'They indeed (u) speak the truth' (Nirukta 1.5). ca, vā, ā, api, uta, atha, atho, and tathā convey conjoining; as in: 'Both I (ca), O slayer of Vṛtra' (Ṛgveda 8.41.4); 'Either Vāyu (vā) to you, or Manu to you' (Taittirīya Saṃhitā 1.7.7.2); 'To the gods and (ca) to the ancestors as well (ā)' (Ṛgveda 10.15.11); 'With teeth as well as (api) with nails (api)'; 'Divine sacrificers, and also (uta) mortals' (Taittirīya Brāhmaṇa 3.6.6); 'Praise the gods, and then (atha) the ancestors'; 'Furthermore (atho) indeed they say'; 'Hārīta, Atri, and likewise (tathā) myself.' vā, atha, atho, yadi, ced, cana, net, and mā convey alternative; as in: 'Either kingship is to be exercised (vā) or the commentary listened to (vā)'; 'One should engage in intercourse during the fertile season, or (atha) outside it except on sacred days'; 'One should bathe in rivers, or else (atho) in divine pools'; 'If (yadi) there is tranquility, what is the point of penance?'; 'If you go (ca... cet), what is that to me here?'; 'If (ced) the teacher comes, I hope I will study diligently'; 'Lest (net) turning crooked we fall into hell' (Nirukta 1.11); 'May (mā) this never happen at any time.' In this manner, others also are to be understood according to usage. And these may be understood in other senses as well. 1.14 Under explanatory elaboration (arthavāda): hā, dhik, cit, nāma, kim, ha, api, jātu, and ati convey censure; as in: 'Alas (hā), why do you act thus?'; 'Fie (dhik) upon negligence!'; 'Bring even (cit) inferior beans' (Nirukta 1.4.14); 'What kind of sunrise is this (nāma) wherein one's own do not shine?'; 'What (kim) does Devadatta study? [i.e., nothing worthwhile]'; 'You indeed (ha) are a Brahmin?'; 'Would one even (api) water an onion?'; 'Will you ever (jātu) go there?' tu, paśya, paśyata, aha, aho, yathā, yāvat, and cit convey praise;