Shringaraprakasha 2.p1.9

2.p1.9

The point of ablation (apādāna) has a specified domain or an implied domain; as for example: ‘a mountain from which one falls’ (prapatano giriḥ), ‘a hill from which one flows’ (prasravaṇaḥ śailaḥ). That which is stated through connection with a past event or the like has an implied domain; as for example: ‘the boundary mountain’ (avadhiḥ parvataḥ), ‘the ocean as limit’ (maryādā samudraḥ). The locus (adhikaraṇa) is topical (vaiṣayika), contiguous (aupaśleṣika), and causal (naimittika). Among them, that which binds variously in manifold ways through categories, qualities, actions, substances, and the like is a domain (viṣaya), such as space, time, and so forth; the topical is that which rests on a domain itself; as for example: ‘cows and others drink here’—a watering trough, a reservoir (nipānaṃ jalāśayaḥ); ‘kings are sustained in it’—a capital city (rājadhānī nagaram). Contiguity (upaśleṣa) is physical contact; that which brings it about is contiguous; as for example: ‘arrows are held in it’—a quiver (iṣudhiḥ upāsaṅgaḥ); ‘they sleep on this’—a couch, a bed (śayyā prayaṅkaḥ). That which is merely the cause is causal; as for example: ‘spectators’ minds are delighted here’—the stage, a spectacle (raṅgaḥ prekṣā); ‘eyes and minds are pleased in it’—a palace, a mansion (prāsādaḥ saudham). This twofold [set of categories] expands in six ways: pure, mixed, conditioned by adjuncts, conventional, having fixed relation, and having incidental relation. Among these, non-contact with other meanings is purity. For verbal actions (bhāva), as for example: ‘the cooking of boiled rice’ (odanasya pākaḥ), ‘having done enough’ (alaṃ kṛtvā), ‘surely having remained’ (khalu sthitvā); for syntactic roles (kāraka), as for example: ‘the creator of the waters’ (apāṃ sraṣṭā), ‘the filler of a hundred years’ (varṣaśatasya pūrakaḥ), ‘soma flowing’ (somaṃ pavamānaḥ). Blending is mixture; for verbal actions, as for example: ‘it is time to eat’ (kālo bhoktum), ‘enough of eating’ (alaṃ bhoktum), ‘he walks eating again and again’ (bhojaṃ bhojaṃ vrajati); for syntactic roles, as for example: ‘a woman fit to be approached’ (gamanamarhati gamyā yoṣit), ‘an enemy capable of being conquered’ (jetuṃ śakyate jayyaḥ śatruḥ), ‘he goes to cook’ (paktuṃ vrajati), ‘the cook goes’ (pācako vrajati). A qualifier mentioned in the grammatical treatise, whether external, internal, or both, is an adjunct (upādhi); for verbal actions, as for example: ‘your manner of lying down’ (bhavataḥ śāyikā), ‘the mating of cows’ (upasaro gavām), ‘a flock of animals’ (samajaḥ paśūnām); for syntactic roles, as for example: ‘a lazy person who rubs his belly’ (tundaparimṛjo 'lasaḥ), ‘an elephant that sports in clumps of grass’ (stamberamo hastī), ‘an animal that robs a leather-bag’ (dṛtihariḥ paśuḥ). Conventional usage (rūḍhi) is the signification of a substance where there is signification of a quality; for verbal actions, as for example: ‘hunting’ (mṛgayā), ‘latent impression’ (vāsanā), ‘wandering mendicancy’ (parivrajyā);