The Long Āgama Sūtra 6.30

6.30

「云何比丘壽命延長？如是比丘修習欲定，精勤不懈，滅行成就，以修神足；修精進定、意定、思惟定，精勤不懈，滅行成就，以修神足，是為壽命延長。何謂比丘顏色增益？於是比丘戒律具足，成就威儀，見有小罪，生大怖畏，等學諸戒，周滿備悉，是為比丘顏色增益。何謂比丘安隱快樂？於是比丘斷除婬欲，去不善法，有覺、有觀，離生喜、樂，行第一禪；除滅覺、觀，內信歡悅，撿心專一，無覺、無觀，定生喜、樂，行第二禪；捨喜守護，專心不亂，自知身樂，賢聖所求，護念、樂行，行第三禪；捨滅苦樂，先除憂喜，不苦不樂，護念清淨，行第四禪，是為比丘安隱快樂。

“How is a monk’s lifespan lengthened? Thus, a monk cultivates the samādhi of desire [for good conduct] diligently and not negligently. He accomplishes the practice of cessation [of unskillful qualities] by cultivating the miraculous abilities. He cultivates the samādhi of effort … samādhi of mind … samādhi of contemplation diligently and not negligently. He accomplishes the practice of cessation by cultivating the spiritual abilities. This lengthens his lifespan.

“How is a monk’s appearance improved? Here, a monk perfects the discipline and accomplishes proper behavior. He notices small misdeeds and fears them greatly. He fully learns the precepts and puts all of them into practice. This improves a monk’s appearance.

“What is a monk’s well-being and happiness? Here, a monk abandons lust and departs from unskillful qualities. With perception and examination, his seclusion gives rise to joy and happiness, and he practices the first dhyāna. Without perception or examination, his samādhi gives rise to joy and happiness, and he practices the second dhyāna. He abandons joy, remains mindful, focuses his mind, and isn’t distracted. He knows his own happiness is what’s sought by noble people. He’s mindful and lives happily, practicing the third dhyāna. He abandons and ceases pain and pleasure, ridding himself of his earlier sadness and joy. Not discomforted or pleased, he’s carefully mindful and pure and practices the fourth dhyāna. This is a monk’s well-being and happiness.