འཕགས་པ་བསམ་པ་ཐམས་ཅད་ཡངས་ས་རྫགས་པར་བྱད་པ་ཞས་བྱ་བའ་ཡངས་ས་བསྔ་བ notes.6

notes.6

6. “Violations of ethical rules” (sbyor bas tshul khrims ’chal pa) and “violations of natural ethics” (dngos pos tshul khrims ’chal pa) refer to two types of unwholesome actions or “faults” (kha na ma tho ba; literally, “unmentionable”). The former are actions that are unwholesome because they violate a precept established by the Buddha to which one is committed, called “faults related to rules” (bcas pa’i kha na ma tho ba), which include actions forbidden for monks and nuns by rule but allowed for laypeople (such as, for example, eating after noon). These actions are not in themselves considered sins. The latter are actions that are “inherently unwholesome faults” (rang bzhin gyi kha na ma tho ba), such as killing, that relate also to laypeople.