འཕགས་པ་གྲང་ཁྱར་གྱས་འཚ་བ་ཞས་བྱ་བ་ཐག་པ་ཆན་པའ་མད intro.6

intro.6

The standalone sūtra does not appear to have been translated into Chinese, and no extant Sanskrit for it has been identified. It was translated into Tibetan during the height of the Tibetan imperial patronage of Buddhism (snga dar) in the late eighth or early ninth century and is listed in both the Denkarma and Phangthangma imperial catalogs.⁹ Its colophon states that it was translated by Jñānagarbha¹⁰ and Lui Wangpo, and edited by Vidyākarasiṃha and Devacandra, all of whom were active in Tibet in the early ninth century. It is one of four texts in the Kangyur credited to this particular translation and editorial team, the other three all being dhāraṇī texts (Toh 545/892, Toh 546/893, and Toh 718/1037).¹¹