分別功德論 4.36

4.36

所以稱優多羅比丘常樂塚間者，此比丘阿難弟子也。先師得道心自念曰：「此身流轉無處不更，在天上時服御自然，今以捨棄；若在人中為轉輪王，七寶導從，亦復過去；或在畜生恒食草棘，此亦過去；若在餓鬼融銅為食、或在地獄刀劍為對，諸此罪形皆以過去。今得人身，齊此分畢，古今所貴皆是棄物幻危之形，無一可貪，俱當棄捐。」便止塚間，復念曰：「正欲在樹下山澤，皆生民所貪，唯有塚間人所不樂。」是以居之。「塚間所樂唯有鬼耳，兼有狐狼烏鵄之屬，今當入慈三昧以濟彼類。」以是故復居塚間。以是因緣，常樂塚間不處人中，故稱第一。

The reason why Bhikṣu Uttara was praised for constantly delighting in charnel grounds is that this bhikṣu was a disciple of Ānanda. Before the master attained the Path, he reflected in his own mind: 'This body has transmigrated, leaving no place unexperienced. When in the heavens, clothes and conveyances were spontaneous, but now they have been abandoned; when among humans as a cakravartin, with the seven treasures leading and attending, that too has passed away; when among animals constantly eating grass and thorns, this too has passed away; when among hungry ghosts taking molten copper as food, or in hell facing blades and swords, all these forms of retribution have passed away. Now having obtained a human body, my allotment will conclude right here. What was valued in ancient and modern times are all discarded things, illusory and perilous forms; not one is worthy of attachment, and all ought to be cast aside.' He then stayed in charnel grounds and further reflected: 'Even if I wished to stay under trees or among mountains and marshes, these are all coveted by living people; only charnel grounds are disliked by people.' For this reason he dwelt there. 'Those that delight in charnel grounds are only ghosts, together with creatures like foxes, wolves, crows, and kites; I should now enter the samādhi of benevolence to save those kinds.' On this account he again dwelt in charnel grounds. Due to these causes and conditions, he constantly delighted in charnel grounds and did not dwell among people; therefore he was praised as foremost.