分別功德論 2.11

2.11

In the past, when the Buddha first attained awakening, in the Deer Park in Vārāṇasī, turning the wheel of the Dharma of the four truths for the five men including Ājñātakauṇḍinya, the Buddha said: 'Kauṇḍinya! You should know the truth of suffering, the truth of the arising of suffering, the truth of the cessation of suffering, and the truth of the escape from suffering.' Directly stating these four truths, Kauṇḍinya had long been attached to existence; hearing the explanation of wisdom, his mind was still not awakened. Thereupon [the Buddha] explained emptiness to him: 'Kauṇḍinya! You should know that what the four wisdoms adhere to is entirely empty and impermanent. It is like an illusion, neither real nor existing.' Kauṇḍinya immediately understood and attained sight of the path. The four men had not yet understood. The Tathāgata again contemplated the basis of their minds: two men had the affliction of conceptualizing and clinging to sensory pleasure, reminiscing about the five desires at home and giving free rein to them, being attached and unable to let go. Applying the medicine according to the sickness, he then explained the signless samādhi: 'All that you conceptualize returns to cessation; why then let your mind race toward what gives you pleasure?' What they conceptualized was immediately dissolved, and the two also attained the path. The remaining two men constantly aspired to be born in the Brahma realm to become a king in Brahmā; what they were attached to remained unresolved and became an encumbrance. Seeing where their minds lay, the Tathāgata also explained wishlessness to them: 'Your aspiration to seek to become a king of the Brahma realm cannot provide an escape; all returns to annihilation and nothing endures permanently. You should abandon what you seek, and take the escape as primary.' They immediately gained understanding and were accomplished in the path. What the five men were attached to was each different, and what they understood was not the same. The so-called three turnings of the four truths are that within emptiness, signlessness, and wishlessness, the four truths are present in each. The truths are contemplation; samādhi is calming. Calming and contemplation operating together jointly cure the disease of ignorance and craving within the aggregates, elements, and sense bases.