分別功德論 5.9

5.9

As for why the monk Upasena is said to be foremost in having all virtuous practices complete: this monk had virtue fully present within, and his appearance and bearing were dignified and solemn without; the internal and external were in harmony, so that wherever he went, all were delighted. Nanda possessed thirty marks, and Ānanda possessed twenty marks; although their external marks were many, they could not fully possess the dignified demeanor of a śramaṇa. Although this monk possessed only eleven marks, his ritual deportment was fully complete; because it was fully complete, wherever he went, all responded favorably, and elderly, middle-aged, and young alike beheld him with joy. What is meant by 'abundantly filled within' is that the four noble truths were as the eightfold correct path, truly subtle, filling his spiritual heart without ever declining; therefore he is said to be foremost in possessing all the virtuous practices and factors of the Path.