彰所知論 2.12

2.12

Furthermore, as for the path: those who have few desires, are content, possess the lineage, and keep body and mind distant from all diversities, abiding in the precepts of lay followers and the like, should diligently listen [to the teaching]. Having heard extensively, they should reflect on the meaning of what was heard; having reflected, they should cultivate—namely, they should cultivate calming and insight. Those with much greed cultivate the contemplation of impurity; those with much anger cultivate the contemplation of love and compassion; those with much delusion cultivate the contemplation of analyzing dependent origination; those with much clinging to self cultivate the contemplation of analyzing the elements; those with much distraction cultivate the contemplation of counting the breath. When calming and insight are accomplished, by cultivating resolve, to understand internal and external bodies in accordance with the Dharma is called the application of mindfulness to the body. To understand suffering, pleasure, equanimity, and so forth in accordance with the Dharma is called the application of mindfulness to feelings. To understand the six consciousness mind phenomena in accordance with the Dharma is called the application of mindfulness to the mind. To understand conception, formations, and the unconditioned in accordance with the Dharma is called the application of mindfulness to dharmas. Cultivating these four phenomena is the accumulation of wisdom.

Having gathered the accumulations on the path, one cultivates the path of application. In the stage of Heat, causing arisen evils to be abandoned, unarisen evils not to arise, arisen wholesome states to increase, and unarisen wholesome states to arise: these four phenomena are called the four right diligences (the text also says right abandonment). In the stage of Summits, the absorption of desire for wholesome phenomena, the absorption of diligence in delighting in the good, the absorption of attention with a wholesome mind, and the absorption of discerning the good: these are called the four bases of psychic power. In the stage of Acceptance, practicing worldly right view with clarity is called faith; delighting in cultivating wholesome dharmas is called energy; remembering clearly without forgetting is called mindfulness; single-pointed concentration is called absorption; knowing what to adopt and reject is called wisdom: cultivating these five phenomena can generate wholesome dharmas, hence they are called the five faculties. In the stage of Highest Worldly Dharmas, cultivating the five—faith, energy, mindfulness, absorption, and wisdom—can crush opposition, hence they are called the five powers. This is the path of application.

In the stage of the path of seeing, knowing the four truths is called right view. The initiation of right speech is called right thought; speaking rightly in accordance with the Dharma is called right speech; abandoning unwholesome actions is called right action; abandoning wrong livelihood is called right livelihood; seeking wholesome dharmas is called right effort; remembering clearly without forgetting is called right mindfulness; single-pointed concentration is called right absorption. These eight phenomena are called the eightfold noble path. This is the path of seeing.

As for the conceptually discriminated defilements, acquisitions, and characteristics abandoned by the path of seeing: regarding the truth of suffering in the desire realm, they are greed, anger, pride, ignorance, doubt, view of individuality, extreme view, view of holding precepts and vows as supreme, and view of holding views as supreme, and wrong view. In the two truths of origination and cessation, each excludes three views. There are seven, and seven: fourteen abandoned by the truth of the path. Excluding the two views above, the four truths of the desire realm have thirty-two in total. In the form realm, the four truths each exclude anger, totaling twenty-eight; the formless realm is also like this. Thus, eighty-eight are abandoned by the path of seeing in the three realms.