金剛經纂要刊定記 4.316

4.316

空生本謂證果是取故生疑，今明無取方成證義，永異所疑也。若準斷疑，斯文已畢，以四果是小乘賢聖修證行位，是故經中具而明也。然此四果復有四向，謂向於果故，即須陀洹向等。於四果之中，初為見道，次二修道，後一無學道。且初修行得入見道，謂十六心斷三界。

Subhūti originally thought that realizing the fruits was grasping and therefore gave rise to doubt; now it is clarified that only being without grasping constitutes the meaning of realization, forever distinct from what was doubted. If judged in terms of severing doubt, this passage is already finished; because the four fruits are the stages of practice and realization for the worthies and nobles of the Hinayāna, the sūtra therefore clarifies them in full. Furthermore, these four fruits each have four directions of approach, meaning approaching toward the fruit, that is, the approach to a srotaāpanna, and so on. Among the four fruits, the first is the path of seeing, the next two are the path of cultivation, and the last is the path beyond training. First, practicing and entering the path of seeing refers to the sixteen moments of mind severing [the defilements of] the three realms.