金剛經纂要刊定記 2.48

2.48

"Giving and the like dwelling on signs": "and the like" refers to the other four, such as morality and patience; "dwelling on signs" means dwelling on the signs of self, person, sentient being, and so forth, as well as dwelling on the signs of dharma and non-dharma. Since one dwells on the signs of self, dharmas, and so forth, they become mundane causes and effects, and are therefore all tainted. This refers to ordinary beings who rely on the teachings of humans and devas, or those who linger in the two vehicles: even if they sever afflictions and realize reality, they are not without revulsion toward suffering and longing for bliss, and even if they transcend the three realms, they still fall into the stage of śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas; this refers to those who rely on the Hīnayāna teachings. With respect to ordinary beings, they also lack coarse wisdom; speaking comprehensively from the superior standpoint, it therefore says they "lack wondrous wisdom".