仁王護國般若經疏 2.12

2.12

「菩薩摩訶薩」者，二標號也。菩薩，此云道心眾生。摩訶薩，此云大道心，亦云大士，亦云開士。若以生滅心行六波羅蜜，三祇成佛，此三藏教中菩薩，心勝聲聞、道卑羅漢。若以無生心斷見思惑，留餘習扶願受生，十地行圓當知如佛，此通教中菩薩也。若以無量心行無量行，淨佛國土、成就眾生，大慈不窮、大悲無限，華臺摩頂成功德身，此別教中菩薩也。若以無作心觀煩惱菩提、生死涅槃，無二無別、非成不成，此圓教中菩薩也。今此所列正列通教，蜜兼別圓云云。

"Bodhisattva-mahāsattvas" is the second, indicating the title. "Bodhisattva" is translated here as a sentient being with the mind of the Way. "Mahāsattva" is translated here as great mind of the Way; it is also called great personage (dàshì), or awakened personage (kāishì). If one practices the six pāramitās with a mind of arising and ceasing, achieving buddhahood in three asaṃkhyeya kalpas, this is the bodhisattva within the Tripiṭaka teaching, whose aspiration surpasses the śrāvakas but whose path is inferior to the arhats. If one severs the afflictions of view and thought with an unarising mind, retains residual habit energies to support vows to undergo birth, and upon completing the practice of the ten grounds should be known as being like a Buddha, this is the bodhisattva within the shared teaching. If one practices immeasurable practices with an immeasurable mind, purifies buddha-lands, brings sentient beings to maturity, has inexhaustible great benevolence and limitless great compassion, and receives the crowning atop the lotus throne to accomplish the body of merit, this is the bodhisattva within the distinctive teaching. If one contemplates defilement and bodhi, birth-and-death and nirvāṇa with an unconditioned mind as non-dual and without distinction, neither achieved nor unachieved, this is the bodhisattva within the perfect teaching. What is listed here primarily lists [the bodhisattvas of] the shared teaching, while secretly also encompassing those of the distinctive and perfect [teachings], and so forth.