仁王經疏 1.197

1.197

釋曰：第三、問眾不決。文別有二：初王問眾、次明眾不決。前中有三：初辨住處、次標別名、後讚其德。言舍衛國主，舉國顯人。依《智度論》，國名憍薩羅國，主名波斯匿王（不知以何為正）。今言舍衛國，或言舍婆提城、或言舍羅婆悉帝夜城，並訛也。正言室羅婆悉底城，此譯云聞者城。《法鏡經》云「聞物國」，《十二遊經》云「無物不有國」，《善見律》云「舍衛者，是人名。昔人居住此城，往古有王見此地好，故乞立為國。以此人名，號舍衛國。一名多有國，諸國珍奇皆歸此國。」又西方典語，名室羅筏，此云幼少不可害。由劫初有仙，兄弟二人在此修道。弟云室羅，此云幼少。兄名阿羅筏，在此修道，因以名地，以地名國，以國名城，名室羅筏國及室羅筏城。前譯訛略，故云舍衛。國名為憍薩羅，城名舍衛城等，前翻譯者以其城名持為國稱。言波斯匿王名曰月光者，標別名也。梵音波斯匿王，此云勝軍，在俗之稱。名曰月光者，《本記》云「國王姓月，聞法以後更立光名。」

Commentary: Third, questioning the assembly without resolution. In the text there are distinctly two parts: first, the king questions the assembly; second, it explains that the assembly could not resolve it. Within the former part there are three: first, identifying the dwelling place; second, indicating the particular name; third, praising his virtues. The words "ruler of the state of Śrāvastī" mention the state to bring out the person. According to the Dazhidulun, the state's name was the state of Kosala, and the ruler's name was King Prasenajit (it is unknown which is correct). In current terms, "the state of Śrāvastī," or "the city of Shepotik," or "the city of Sheluobaxidiye," are all erroneous. The correct term is the city of Śrāvastī, which is translated here as "City of Hearers." The Fajing jing calls it "State of Hearing of Things," the Shi'er you jing calls it "State Where Nothing Is Lacking," and the Shanjian lü says: "'Śrāvastī' is a person's name. In the past, people lived in this city; long ago, a king saw that this land was fine, so he begged to establish it as a state. Taking this person's name, it was called the state of Śrāvastī. Another name is 'State of Great Abundance,' because the rarities and treasures of all states gather in this state." Furthermore, in Western classical language it is called Śrāvā, which here means "young and inviolable." Because at the beginning of the kalpa there were two ṛṣi brothers who cultivated the Way here: the younger was called Śrā, which here means "young"; the elder was called Arāvā, cultivating the Way here. On this basis the place was named, after the place the state was named, and after the state the city was named—the state of Śrāvastī and the city of Śrāvastī. Earlier translations were corrupt and abbreviated, hence they said "Shewei." The state's name was Kosala, and the city's name was the city of Śrāvastī, etc.; earlier translators took its city's name to serve as the designation of the state. The words "King Prasenajit, named Moonlight" indicate his particular name. In Sanskrit, King Prasenajit is here rendered "Conquering Army" (Jitāri / Prasenajit), which is his secular designation. As for "named Moonlight," the Benji says: "The king's clan name was Moon; after hearing the Dharma, he additionally established the name Light."