仁王護國般若波羅蜜多經疏 1.110

1.110

解曰：法眼普見者，法謂軌持，通真俗境。眼謂淨慧，照諸有情，隨其種性悉能知故。四無礙解者，《攝大乘論》無性釋云「由法無礙自在了知一切法句，由義無礙自在通達一切義理，由詞無礙自在分別一切言詞，由辨無礙遍於十方隨其所冥自在辨說。通以定慧及彼相應心心所法為自性故。」演說無畏者，謂此菩薩法眼能見上中下根，四無礙解當根演說。言無畏者，依《智度論》二十四云「四無所畏菩薩有否？答曰：有之。一者聞持無畏，諸陀羅尼憶念不忘，在眾說法無所畏故。二者解脫無畏，一切法藥悉能分別，知眾生根，隨應說法無所畏故。三者處眾無畏，十方有來問難我者，在大眾中說法無畏。四者答難無畏，恣一切之來問難者，一一皆答能斷疑惑，在大眾中說法無畏。由具此四得自在故。」如《華嚴經》三十八云「此地菩薩得無礙智、得如來妙法藏，作大法師。得四無礙陀羅尼門，以百萬阿僧祇善巧音聲而演說法故。」次第十地，其義者何。

Explanation: 'The dharma-eye sees universally': 'dharma' refers to that which upholds its own nature, pervading the ultimate and conventional objects. 'Eye' refers to pure wisdom, illuminating all sattvas and thoroughly knowing them according to their spiritual disposition. Regarding the 'four unhindered understandings' (pratisaṃvid): Asvabhāva's commentary on the Mahāyānasaṃgraha says: 'Through the unhindered understanding of dharmas, one knows all phrases of dharmas with mastery; through the unhindered understanding of meanings, one penetrates all principles and meanings with mastery; through the unhindered understanding of phrasing, one distinguishes all expressions with mastery; through the unhindered understanding of eloquence, one eloquently expounds with mastery throughout the ten directions according to what is concealed. They universally take concentration, wisdom, and their associated mental states as their intrinsic nature.' 'Expounding without fear' means that this bodhisattva's dharma-eye can see superior, middling, and inferior faculties, and expounds with the four unhindered understandings according to their faculties. Regarding 'fearlessness' (vaiśāradya), relying on the Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa (vol. 24): 'Do bodhisattvas have the four fearlessnesses? Answer: They do. First, fearlessness in retaining what has been heard: retaining all dhāraṇīs without forgetting, they preach the Dharma in the assembly without fear. Second, fearlessness in liberation: completely analyzing all medicines of the Dharma, knowing the faculties of sentient beings, and preaching the Dharma appropriately without fear. Third, fearlessness in being amidst the assembly: when any from the ten directions come to challenge me, preaching the Dharma in the great assembly without fear. Fourth, fearlessness in answering challenges: allowing anyone who comes to challenge to do so, answering each one and able to sever their doubts, preaching the Dharma in the great assembly without fear. By being endowed with these four, they attain mastery.' As the Avataṃsaka Sūtra (vol. 38) says: 'The bodhisattva on this bhūmi attains unhindered cognition and the Tathāgata's marvelous treasury of Dharma, becoming a great Dharma master. He attains the four unhindered dhāraṇī-gates and expounds the Dharma with a million asaṃkhyeyas of skillful voices.' Next, the tenth bhūmi: what is its meaning?