仁王護國般若波羅蜜多經疏 1.56

1.56

Question: What is the underlying nature of "one" and "time"? Answer: In the *Satyasiddhi*, *Abhidharmakośa*, Sautrāntika, and Sarvāstivāda schools, whether these two are nominal or real, both are of the nature of the five aggregates, because they are conditioned phenomena within the categorization of sense bases (āyatana) and elements (dhātu). Now, according to the Mahāyāna, there are three explanations: First, the *Mahāprajñāpāramitōpadeśa* says: "Things such as numbers and time do not really exist, because they are not subsumed within the aggregates, sense bases, or elements." Aggregates, sense bases, and elements are the skandhas, āyatanas, and dhātus. Second, the *Buddhabhūmi-śāstra* says: "Time is simply a nominal status established upon conditioned phenomena, or an image of status upon the mind, because it is collectively established nominally based on form, mind, and so forth." Third, the *Treatise on the Hundred Dharmas* holds that "one" and "time" are nominally established based on the states of form and mind; they are the non-concurring [formations of] number and time. In the categorization of the five aggregates, they are subsumed under the aggregate of formations; in the categorization of sense bases and elements, they are the base of mental objects (dharmāyatana) and the element of mental objects (dharmadhātu), because they are the objects of mental consciousness. They are also the consciousnesses of number and temporal periods in the *Yogācārabhūmi*.