仁王護國般若波羅蜜多經疏 3.385

3.385

The commentary explains: Regarding "with great compassion predominantly augmented, they contemplate all births and deaths": they first give rise to great compassion, making the benefiting of sentient beings predominant, because they contemplate all mundane realms undergoing birth and death. As the Daśabhūmika Sūtra states: "The differences in taking bodies and birthplaces in the world are all due to clinging to a self; if one is free from a self, then there is no birth and so forth." Regarding "shrouded in the darkness of ignorance": ignorance that initiates karma has swift darkness as its nature, obscuring the true principle, as it is the root of birth and death. Regarding "accumulation of karma" (karmābhyāsa): karma refers to non-meritorious, meritorious, and unshakeable actions. Accumulation means perfume/conditioning. "Seeds of consciousness" refers to the seeds of the consciousness of total retributive maturation, because at the stage of entering the womb, the seeds give rise to manifestations. Regarding "name-and-form": at the initial stage of entering the womb, the four non-material aggregates are collectively established as 'name', and the kalala and subsequent stages are called 'form'; combining these two is 'name-and-form'. Regarding the "six sense bases": as name-and-form increases, the six sense faculties arise with visual clarity and so forth. "Contact" means encountering, arising from the coming together of the three: faculty, object, and consciousness. "Feeling" means experiencing, arising due to contact. However, these five, from consciousness onward, are explained in terms of stages. The seeds of these five results are purely indeterminate, and as they are produced according to karma, their arising is necessarily simultaneous. "Craving" means the affliction that moistens. The increase of craving is called "grasping". The six kinds including karma increasing are called "existence", because they possess future results. According to the various destinies, the arising of aggregates is called "birth", their decline and alteration is called "aging", and their cessation and destruction is called "death". The word "and so on" includes sorrow, lamentation, suffering, and distress. It also shows that the cycle of dependent arising throughout long kalpas is perpetually endless when the path of antidotes has not yet arisen. Regarding "all due to clinging to a self": the bodhisattva contemplates their long-kalpa transmigration, seeing that because there is a self, birth and death never cease. From here onward is the second [part], the contemplation of the three gates of liberation.