仁王護國般若波羅蜜多經疏 3.604

3.604

Explanation: "Bhagavatī", translated literally, means "the fortunate one (or endowed with blessing)"; translated by sense, it means "World-Honoured One." The word "buddha" means here "enlightenment." The word "māte" means here "mother." Following the idiom of this land: "Mother of the Buddha, the World-Honoured One." "Bhagavan" is the masculine address, and "bhagavatī" is the feminine address; both are translated by their sense as "World-Honoured One." If translated literally according to the science of grammar: bhaga means "breaking," and van translates as "capable"; being capable of breaking the four māras is called bhagavan. Furthermore, as bhagavan, explaining it by analyzing the syllables according to grammar treatises: bha means breaking, a means non-arising, and van is translated as realizing; wisdom being capable of realizing a (non-arising) is called avan. By means of avan, one is able to break afflictions, so the Buddha, the World-Honoured One, neither arises nor ceases, neither comes nor goes, is neither one nor different, neither eternal nor annihilated, neither increases nor decreases; possessing such virtues, he is named bhagavan. Furthermore, as bhagavan: bhaga means merit and wisdom, and van translates as endowed with. Translating the sense, being completely fulfilled through adornment with merit and wisdom is called bhagavan, which is also the masculine. The Yoga commentary states: "The syllable bha is the seed-syllable. The syllable bha expresses that existence is ungraspable in all phenomena. Because the mind is defiled, there is saṃsāra; because the mind is pure, there is nirvāṇa; both of these, separated from mind, are ungraspable." This means that because prajñā serves as the generative and revelatory cause, it can bring forth all buddhas, and is therefore called the Mother. The above sixteen lines, as in the Yoga Sūtra, also belong to the sixteen practices of Samantabhadra. Next, the second [part] clarifies the gate of the three mysteries.