仁王護國般若波羅蜜多經疏 3.77

3.77

Explanation: "Consciousness drifts due to karma": "consciousness" refers to the fundamental consciousness (ālaya-vijñāna). It constantly turns like a flowing stream; because karma is like the wind, it can raise waves of consciousness; because consciousness follows karma, it is said that it "drifts due to karma." Furthermore, the seeds of karma rely on consciousness and arise dependent on present conditions. The karmas that arise in the present move the waves of the fundamental consciousness in accordance with the wind of sense-objects; hence it is said to "drift." In the first fascicle of the four-fascicle *Laṅkāvatāra*, a verse says: "Just as waves of the great sea / Arise due to fierce winds, / Surging billows churn the deep abyss / Without any interruption; / The sea of the storehouse consciousness is constantly abiding, / Moved by the wind of sense-objects, / And various wave-consciousnesses / Leap and turn into arising." The wind of karmic sense-objects moves and gives rise to waves of consciousness; therefore, it is said to "drift." "Arising supported by the four great elements": this refers to the form realm [and desire realm]. The formless realm is not obvious, so it is omitted and not mentioned. Furthermore, the king's body is precisely the four great elements; it is brought up to make him awaken and know that it is unreal. "Bound by ignorance and craving": ignorance is the root that initiates karma and induces rebirth; craving and ignorance bind themselves. "Self and what belongs to self arise": relying on the five aggregates, self and what belongs to self arise. Furthermore, clinging to the five aggregates as a self and giving rise to [the thought of] what belongs to self regarding country, cities, and provisions—all arise from ignorance as these views. From here, the second section generally explains selflessness.