般若波羅蜜多心經幽贊 2.90

2.90

The Master of Appropriate Meaning says: Leaving birth-and-death through intellectual awakening is like awakening from a dream; according with dharmatā and widely expounding it is likened to a blossom unfolding. Having perfected the conventional and ultimate wisdoms, possessing awakening for both oneself and others, and with wisdom and practice both fulfilled, he is designated with the name 'Buddha'. Although with his awakened wisdom fully complete he cultivates no further, yet upholding [it] without abandoning [it] he delivers sentient beings; thus the Buddha is also said to rely upon prajñā. Or else, 'relying' means 'cultivating', because on the causal stage the Buddha attained right awakening by relying on the practice of prajñā. This makes manifest the five dharmas: first, the pure dharmadhātu, which is the Buddha's dharmakāya, tathatā, and nirvāṇa, possessing the subtle and marvelous merits of true nature and characteristics, as it is the fruit obtained through contemplating the principle of emptiness; the other four wisdoms refer to conditioned merits, which are the enjoyment-body (saṃbhogakāya) of the Buddha realized [by him], as it is the fruit obtained through cultivating the causes for self-benefit. The vast Buddha-body manifesting pure aspects for great bodhisattvas is called [the body for] others' enjoyment (parasambhogakāya); the Buddha-body of variable aspects manifesting purity or defilement for the two vehicles and others is called the transformation-body (nirmāṇakāya), both being appropriately manifested due to causes of benefiting others. The self-enjoyment body (svasaṃbhogakāya) possesses the one hundred and forty unshared real virtues: namely, the Tathāgatas' thirty-two marks of a great man, the eighty secondary marks, the four purities of all kinds, the ten powers, the four fearlessnesses, the three applications of mindfulness, the three matters not requiring protection, great compassion, unforgetting nature, the permanent eradication of karmic impressions, the marvelous omniscience, as well as the eight liberations, the eight stages of mastery, the nine successive meditative absorptions, the ten totalities, the four immeasurables, the three gates of liberation, the three patiences with the unproduced nature of dharmas, the thirty-seven bodhipakṣa-dharmas, the five eyes, the six supernormal knowledges, the four unobstructed knowledges, non-contention, knowledge resulting from resolve, constant dwelling in equanimity, the eighteen unshared Buddha-dharmas, up to omniscience, knowledge of all modes, and immeasurable merits that cannot be fully recounted. Because the body for others' enjoyment and the transformation-body also possess similar merits, the conditioned merits are subsumed under the four wisdoms. Taking wisdom as primary, it is called bodhi-wisdom; the dharmakāya and tathatā are called the bodhi-severance. As the sūtras say, both bodhi-wisdom and bodhi-severance are called bodhi; hence one knows that both are designated bodhi. The conventional entity is named 'Buddha'—that is, the overall conventional entity realizes the distinct dharmas; therefore it is said that the Buddhas attain bodhi through reliance. In this way, all merits are completely subsumed: the completion of wisdom and severance is called unsurpassable awakening. Distinguishing it from the wrong wisdom of ordinary beings, it is designated 'right awakening'; distinguishing it from the partial wisdom of the two vehicles, it is designated 'equal awakening'; distinguishing it from the incomplete wisdom of bodhisattvas, it is again designated 'right awakening'; only the Buddha completely realizes it, so he alone obtains the complete name. The *Vajracchedikā* section states: 'All Buddhas issue forth from this sūtra; all Tathāgatas are born from this sūtra.' Therefore, the three Buddhas are all bodhi. The *Naya* section states: 'Faithfully studying this sūtra, one can quickly fulfill all bodhisattva practices and swiftly realize unsurpassable, right, and equal bodhi.' Thus, the three bodhis are all attained from this.