妙法蓮華經玄義 2.54

2.54

Furthermore, the tripiṭaka is merely the half-letter gate of arising and ceasing and cannot penetrate to the full principle; therefore it is named crude. The full-letter is the gate of non-arising and non-ceasing, which can penetrate to the full principle; therefore it is named subtle. Penetrating to the full principle also has two kinds: first, penetrating to the full principle while carrying expedient means; second, directly revealing the full principle. Vaipulya and Prajñā carry expedient means to penetrate to the full principle; the present sūtra directly reveals the full principle. Therefore the Madhyamakaśāstra states: "For disciples of dull faculties, he spoke the marks of the arising and ceasing of causes and conditions; for disciples of sharp faculties, he spoke the marks of the non-arising and non-ceasing of causes and conditions (and so forth)." [See] the verse of the Madhyamakaśāstra (and so forth). If one does not take identity-with-emptiness as the expedient to penetrate the truth, it is called crude; if one can take identity-with-emptiness, it is the expedient to penetrate the middle. As for the expedient to penetrate the middle: if one carries identity-with-emptiness and identity-with-provisionality to penetrate the middle, it is crude; if one does not carry emptiness and provisionality but directly penetrates the middle, it is subtle (and so forth).