妙法蓮華經玄義 4.115

4.115

The stage of the deva vehicle consists in cultivating the ten good paths of action; when practiced spontaneously and purely matured, this is generally the cause for devas; adding the cultivation of dhyāna-concentration, one ascends to the higher realms. The heavenly fruits of the three realms differ in height and lowness, so the cultivation of causes must differ in depth and shallowness. The Saddharmasmṛtyupasthāna-sūtra states: Sixty thousand mountains surround Mount Sumeru. On the four terraces of Sumeru dwell the Garland-Wearing Devas (Mālādhāra). There are ten dwelling places, each of one thousand yojanas: four in the north, and two in each of the remaining directions. In the south, the first is named White Mani: one who, for the duration of ten hand-claps, receives the three refuges without mingling with other thoughts is born in this heaven to receive bliss. The wheel-turning king does not equal one sixteenth part of it; all instruments of pleasure flow forth from mountains and rivers. The second is named Steep Cliff: in the past, at river crossings, constructing bridges and boats to ferry people who uphold precepts, as well as delivering other people, not committing various evils; the karmic reward can be understood. In the west, the first is named Fruit Life: in the past, in times of famine, upholding pure precepts, purifying body, speech, and mind, planting fruit trees so that travelers might eat of them and be filled with peace and joy. The second is named White Merit: in the past, scattering flower garlands over buddhas and stupas. In the east, the first is named All Delight: in the past, offering flowers to people who uphold precepts to make offerings to the Buddha, using one's own labor to obtain wealth to purchase flowers; the karmic reward can be understood. The second is named Walking the Path: in the past, seeing a great fire blaze up, burning sentient beings, extinguishing it with water; the karmic reward (and so forth). As for the four in the north: the first is named Love and Desire; the second is named Loving the Realm; the third is named Movement of the Mind; the fourth is named Playful Forest. For the first: seeing the relatives and friends of others split apart, reconciling their disputes and quarrels, one attains birth in this heaven. For the second: in the past, preaching the Dharma at assemblies. For the next: in the past, with pure and faithful mind, making offerings to the saṅgha and sweeping stupas, having pure faith in the supreme field [of merit]. For the next: in the past, maintaining a faithful mind, donating robes to the saṅgha, or donating the value of a single fruit as the price for a robe, delighting in and rejoicing along with it.