妙法蓮華經玄義 4.150

4.150

Arhats are of five kinds: arising in accordance with practice by faith, [namely] those of the dharma of falling back, the dharma of reflection, the dharma of guarding, the dharma of abiding, and the dharma of progress. They attain the knowledge of exhaustion and the view of the non-learner and so forth. If using the adamantine samādhi, their nine grades of afflictions in neither-perception-nor-non-perception are exhausted. In the next single kṣaṇa, they realize the ninth liberation of neither-perception-nor-non-perception, achieving the knowledge of exhaustion. In the next single kṣaṇa, they attain the view of the non-learner and so forth. Or, because they fall back at that time, they are not said to attain the knowledge of non-arising. These five kinds of arhats are of the lineage of faith and dull faculties; when cultivating the path in the causal stage, they necessarily depend on robes, food, bedding, dwelling places, sermons, and people to advance following good roots, and cannot advance whenever they wish at all times. These five kinds each have two types: not attaining the concentration of cessation, they are merely liberated through wisdom; attaining the concentration of cessation, they are doubly liberated. If they do not attain the concentration of cessation, this person in the causal stage cultivated the essential stations of mindfulness exclusively. If they attain the concentration of cessation, this person in the causal stage cultivated both the essential and shared. At the time of realizing the fruition, the three clarities and eight liberations are attained simultaneously; hence called doubly liberated.