妙法蓮華經玄義 6.65

6.65

Third, clarifying the differences among spiritual penetrations: the ghost realm possesses penetrations attained through retribution; humans who are able to ingest medicines also attain penetrations; non-Buddhists also develop penetrations on the basis of the fundamental dhyānas; the devas possess penetrations attained through retribution; the two vehicles, relying on the [eight] liberations, the [eight] bases of mastery, and the [ten] all-pervading bases, cultivate the fourteen transformations to develop and attain spiritual penetrations; the bodhisattvas of the six perfections attain five penetrations through dhyāna, and when sitting at the seat of awakening are able to attain the six penetrations; the bodhisattvas of the shared teaching attain five penetrations through dhyāna, and relying on the wisdom that embodies phenomena, attain the outflow-free penetration; before the stages in the distinctive teaching, they develop the five penetrations relying on dhyāna, and upon ascending the stages, develop the true outflow-free penetration, spontaneously illuminating constantly and not viewing the buddha-lands through dual characteristics. As for the penetrations of the perfect teaching, relying on the present sūtra and the Puxian guan [jing], they take the two sense faculties of nose and tongue to constitute the count of six. The Pusa chutai jing is identical: [knowledge of] others' minds and [recollection of] past lives are subsumed under the mental faculty. However, the text of the sūtra explains the 'penetration of the nose' most exhaustively, adopting its interchangeable function without obstruction. For the tongue faculty, it adopts unobstructedness in the four types of eloquence, being able to fill the three thousand worlds with a single wondrous voice, and does not adopt the knowing of tastes, for knowing tastes is a karmic retribution phenomenon. The sūtra says: 'The faculties are penetrating and keen, and wisdom is clear.' That all six faculties are wisdom is precisely the meaning of their interchangeable function.