妙法蓮華經玄義 9.54

9.54

Second, judging the crude and the subtle in reference to the various gates: first, clarifying that the four gates of the Tripiṭaka are all facilitating; if one clings to the four gates, they all become obstructions, and regarding success or failure, crude or subtle, there is no further superiority or inferiority. In this case, one cannot judge one-sidedly. If spoken from the standpoint of the dharma, existence accords with the conventional, so entry into the path is clumsy; emptiness leans toward the true, so entry into the path is skillful. Therefore, the *Mahāprajñāpāramitā-upadeśa* says: 'For people of dull faculties, expound the emptiness of persons; for people of sharp faculties, expound the emptiness of dharmas'—this is its meaning. The gate of both existence and non-existence is skillful compared to the previous, but clumsy compared to the subsequent; the gate of neither existence nor non-existence is skillful. The *Great Treatise* says: 'One who holds to half-existence and half-non-existence is called a person of dull faculties.' This is judging the crude and the subtle in terms of the dharmas of the four gates. Now, in terms of the suitability of faculties and natures: if one is suited to the gate of existence, the gate of existence succeeds and the three gates fail. If one is suited to the gate of non-existence, the gate of non-existence succeeds and the three gates fail. And so on up to the fourth gate, which is also like this. If in terms of a single gate one attains all four siddhāntas, it is called success; if one loses the four siddhāntas, it is called failure. Furthermore, within a single gate, responding to desires is attainment, while going against inclinations is failure; matching what is suitable is attainment, while not matching what is suitable is failure; curing illnesses is attainment, while not curing illnesses is failure; seeing the paramārtha is attainment, while not seeing the paramārtha is failure. In turn there are success and failure, and based on this attainment one can discuss the crude and the subtle. Moreover, judging the crude and the subtle in terms of the ten contemplations: correctly contemplating the object of causes and conditions is attainment, while an erroneous and distorted object is failure; generating the true and correct mind is attainment, while failing to do so is failure; settling the mind in the proper place is attainment, while unharmonious settling of the mind is failure; shattering dharmas everywhere is attainment, while failing to be comprehensive is failure; knowing passage and blockage is attainment, while not knowing passage and blockage is failure; and so on up to: non-arising of attachment to the Dharma in accord with the path is attainment, while the arising of attachment to the Dharma in accord with the path is failure. If within one gate the ten dharmas are accomplished, then this gate is subtle and the other gates are crude. If within the other gates the ten dharmas are accomplished, while in this gate they are not accomplished, then this [gate] is crude and the other gates are subtle (and so on).