法華玄義釋籤 9.3

9.3

次無生中文二：先四諦，次願行。初四諦中自四，並有標結，文相易知。從此下不復分出，一一並有法譬等，可見。滅中云「若有一法過涅槃者，我亦說之如幻如化」者，《大論》第五十先引經云：「諸天子心念：應何等人聽須菩提所說？須菩提知諸天子心念，語言：如幻人聽法，我應用如是人聽，無聽無聞，無知無證。須菩提云：我如幻化乃至知者見者如幻如化，歷一切法乃至佛亦如幻化，涅槃法亦如幻化。」論釋云：「一切眾生中佛第一，一切法中涅槃第一，聞是二事如幻驚疑，謂須菩提錯說為聽者誤，是故更問須菩提。須菩提言：以二法皆從妄法生故，法屬因緣，無有定實。須菩提作是念：假令有法過勝涅槃，能令如幻，何況涅槃？涅槃是一切法滅，是故無有法過涅槃者。」

Next, the [section on] non-arising has two parts: first, the four truths; next, vows and practices. The first part on the four truths itself has four [sections], each having an introduction and a conclusion, the text's structure being easy to understand. From here onward it is not divided further; each has dharmas, parables, and so on, as can be seen. Regarding 'If there were any dharma surpassing nirvāṇa, I would also say that it is like an illusion, like a transformation' in the [truth of] cessation: the fiftieth [fascicle] of the Da zhidu lun first cites the sūtra, saying: 'The devaputras thought: What kind of person should listen to what Subhūti teaches? Subhūti knew the thought of the devaputras and said to them: Just as an illusory person listens to the Dharma, I would have such a person listen—with no listening and no hearing, no knowing and no realizing. Subhūti said: I am like an illusion and transformation, up to: knowers and seers are like an illusion and transformation; traversing all dharmas, even the Buddha is like an illusion and transformation, and the dharma of nirvāṇa is also like an illusion and transformation.' The treatise explains: 'Among all sentient beings the Buddha is foremost; among all dharmas nirvāṇa is foremost. Hearing that these two things are like illusions, they were alarmed and doubted, supposing that Subhūti spoke mistakenly or that the listeners misunderstood; therefore, they questioned Subhūti again. Subhūti said: Because both dharmas are born from deceptive dharmas, dharmas pertain to causes and conditions, lacking fixed reality. Subhūti had this thought: Even if there were a dharma surpassing nirvāṇa, it could be made like an illusion, how much more so nirvāṇa? Nirvāṇa is the cessation of all dharmas; therefore, no dharma surpasses nirvāṇa.'