妙法蓮華經文句 1.153

1.153

姓者，劫初大水風吹結構以成世界，光音天命盡，化生為人，身有光、飛而行，歡喜為食，無男女尊卑，眾共生中呼為眾生。自然地味，味如醍醐，色如生蘇，甜如蜜。多食失光，憔悴不能飛，少食者猶光澤，便有勝負，遂相是非，致失地味，食自然地皮。轉相輕慢，失皮食地膚。轉生諸惡，失膚食自然粳米。食米則男女根生，遂為夫婦。羞故造舍多儲取米，後米生糠𥢶，刈已不生，枯株現，更相盜奪，遂立一平能者，為田主，理諍訟，是為民主。民主有子名珍寶，珍寶有子名好味。始自民主草創之後，金輪相繼，迄至善思，從懿摩至淨飯，四世是鐵輪，合有八萬四千二百一十王。《十二遊經》云：「久遠劫有王，早失父母，以國付弟，事一婆羅門。婆羅門言：『汝當解王衣體瞿曇姓。』因而從之，時人號為小瞿曇，住甘蔗園。賊盜他物從園過，捕賊尋迹執小瞿曇，木貫射之，血流污地。大瞿曇悲哀，收血土，還園器盛，置左右呪之：『此瞿曇若誠心，天神變血為人。』逕十月，左為男，右為女，從是姓瞿曇。」瞿曇此言純淑，亦名舍夷，舍夷者，貴姓也。

Regarding the surname: at the beginning of the kalpa, great water was blown by the wind to form the world. When the lifespans in the Ābhāsvara Heaven were exhausted, beings were spontaneously born as humans, with radiant bodies, flying through the air, taking joy as food, without male or female, high or low; because they were born together in this manner, they were called "sentient beings." The flavor of the earth arose naturally, tasting like ghee, colored like fresh butter, sweet like honey. Those who ate much lost their radiance, became withered, and could not fly; those who ate little retained their luster. Thereupon arose superior and inferior, leading to mutual criticism and fault-finding, which caused the flavor of the earth to disappear, and they ate the natural skin of the earth. Gradually looking down on one another, they lost the skin and ate the surface layer of the earth. Gradually giving rise to various evils, they lost the surface layer and ate naturally growing non-glutinous rice. Eating the rice, male and female sexual organs arose, and they became husbands and wives. Out of shame they built dwellings and hoarded rice; thereafter the rice developed husks and chaff, and once harvested it did not grow back, leaving dried stumps. As they began to steal from one another, they established an impartial and capable person as the lord of the fields to adjudicate disputes; this was the "people's sovereign" (Mahāsammata). The people's sovereign had a son named Precious Gem; Precious Gem had a son named Good Flavor. Beginning from the inception of the people's sovereign, golden-wheel-turning kings succeeded one another down to Subandhu; from Ikṣvāku down to Śuddhodana, four generations were iron-wheel-turning kings, totaling 84,210 kings. The Sūtra of the Twelve Wandering Acts says: "In a distant kalpa there was a king who lost his parents early. Entrusting the kingdom to his younger brother, he served a Brahmin. The Brahmin said: 'You should take off your royal garments and adopt the Gautama clan name.' He complied, and the people of the time called him Little Gautama, who lived in a sugarcane grove. Thieves stole another's goods and passed through the grove; those pursuing the thieves traced them and captured Little Gautama, impaled him on a wooden stake and shot him with arrows, his blood staining the ground. Great Gautama grieved, gathered the blood and earth, returned to the grove, placed them in vessels on both sides, and made an incantation: 'If this Gautama is sincere, may the heavenly spirits transform this blood into human beings.' After ten months, the left became a boy and the right a girl; from this they were of the Gautama clan." Gautama here means pure and virtuous; it is also called Śākya (Sheyi), which is a noble clan.