法華玄論 6.18

6.18

答：伏惑斷惑，此諸部異之。佛陀人云伏惑、薩衛人斷惑，不應偏用。又《大經》親言外道斷惑不言伏。又《釋論》、《攝大乘論》皆言外道斷惑，不應言伏。又《毘婆娑》云「以迦旃延子為三明六通大阿羅漢，及五百評解者亦是羅漢。」龍樹呵云「汝於八揵度中處處有失，況名解大乘義耶？諸羅漢答云：乘聞大乘，心都不信。」若羅漢聞大乘為有失，復云何不聞而自知耶？又佛滅度後五百部聞大乘法畢竟空，如刀傷心，況聞常而即信？彼云何能知常耶？又〈化城品〉云「大通智勝佛說《法華經》，十六菩薩即便信受，聲聞眾中或有信受成不信者。」然羅漢值佛聞《法華經》尚有信者及未信者，云何不聞而自知耶？

Answer: Subduing afflictions or severing afflictions—the various schools differ on this. The Sautrāntikas say they subdue afflictions, while the Sarvāstivādins say they sever afflictions; one should not exclusively adopt one. Furthermore, the Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra itself expressly states that non-Buddhists sever afflictions, not that they subdue them. In addition, the Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa and the Mahāyānasaṃgraha both state that non-Buddhists sever afflictions and should not be said to subdue them. Furthermore, the Mahāvibhāṣā says, 'Kātyāyanīputra was a great arhat of the three clarities and six supernatural knowledges, and the five hundred commentators were also arhats.' Nāgārjuna rebuked them, saying, 'In the eight skandhakas you have errors everywhere; how much less can you be said to understand the meaning of the Mahāyāna?' The arhats answered, 'Upon hearing the Mahāyāna, our minds have no faith at all.' If an arhat incurs faults upon hearing the Mahāyāna, how could he know it spontaneously without having heard it? Furthermore, after the Buddha's extinction, the five hundred sects hearing that the Mahāyāna Dharma is ultimate emptiness felt as if a knife had wounded their hearts; how much less could they immediately believe upon hearing of the eternal? How could they be able to know the eternal? Furthermore, the 'Parable of the Conjured City' chapter states: 'When the Buddha Mahābhijñājñānābhibhū preached the Lotus Sūtra, the sixteen bodhisattvas immediately faithfully accepted it, while among the assembly of śrāvakas there were some who faithfully accepted it and some who did not.' When arhats encounter a Buddha and hear the Lotus Sūtra, there are still those who believe and those who do not yet believe; how could they know it spontaneously without hearing it?