法華玄論 6.59

6.59

十者諸子安座故就父索，二乘人果滿息求不復修行，故名安座，可得有索。未出門菩薩本知車非正使門外，出門菩薩故自知之，則始終二人俱有前進之義，無安座之理，是以菩薩無索車義也。又合賜車云「不令有人獨得滅度，皆以如來滅度而滅度之。」獨取滅度可有二義：一者昔日菩薩受記作佛，故菩薩獨得如來滅度。二乘人昔不得作佛，故不得滅度，今日令二乘人亦得如來滅度，故名等賜。二者昔二乘人獨取小乘滅度，今令同得大乘涅槃。以此二文推無菩薩索。既言菩薩獨得如來滅度，菩薩何由更索？又昔二乘人獨取小乘滅度，故今以大車賜之。菩薩不爾，云何賜菩薩耶？即以此文破四車義也。若三乘皆索，則失獨得滅度之言也。夫論獨者，此是偏謂此人得、彼人不得，故名為獨。若三乘皆索，何有獨耶？今所明者但二乘人索菩薩不索，如上十推。

Tenth: The sons were sitting peacefully and therefore demanded [the carriages] from their father. People of the two vehicles have completed their fruit, ceased seeking, and no longer practice; hence this is called "sitting peacefully," and they may make a demand. Bodhisattvas who have not exited the gate originally knew that the carriage is not outside the gate of primary afflictions; bodhisattvas who have exited the gate naturally know it themselves; thus both the initial and final practitioners have the meaning of advancing forward, without the principle of "sitting peacefully." For this reason, for bodhisattvas there is no meaning of demanding the carriages. Furthermore, in matching the bestowing of the carriages, it says: "Not allowing any person to attain extinction alone, but leading them all to extinction through the extinction of the Tathāgata." Attaining extinction alone can have two meanings: First, formerly bodhisattvas received prophecies of becoming buddhas, so bodhisattvas alone attained the extinction of the Tathāgata. People of the two vehicles formerly could not become buddhas and thus did not attain extinction; now people of the two vehicles are also led to attain the extinction of the Tathāgata, which is why it is called bestowing equally. Second, formerly people of the two vehicles attained only the extinction of the Hīnayāna alone; now they are led to attain Mahāyāna nirvāṇa together. Deducing from these two passages, there is no demand by a bodhisattva. Since it says that bodhisattvas alone attained the extinction of the Tathāgata, on what grounds would a bodhisattva demand further? Moreover, formerly people of the two vehicles attained only the Hīnayāna extinction alone, so now they are bestowed the great carriage. Bodhisattvas are not like this, so how could it be bestowed upon bodhisattvas? This very text refutes the doctrine of four carriages. If all three vehicles demanded, then the statement about attaining extinction alone would be lost. When speaking of "alone," this specifically means that this person attains it and that person does not, which is why it is called "alone." If all three vehicles demanded, how could there be "alone"? What is clarified now is that only people of the two vehicles demand and bodhisattvas do not demand, as established by the ten deductions above.