法華義疏 1.10

1.10

具有三義：一者、若經文內標於品名，如云「聞是藥王本事品功德無量」，蓋是佛說。二者、若標於品名置在文初，蓋是集法藏人取佛語意故製品名。三者、如《大品》等九十章經無有品名，悉是後人所製故。叡法師《大品．序》述什公語云：「《大品經》但有三品，謂〈序品〉、〈魔事品〉、〈阿鞞跋致品〉。以品非佛說，故略去其二唯留〈序品〉。」故知非佛說，後人製之也。

It has three cases: First, if the chapter title is marked within the sūtra text, as when it says, "Hearing this Former Deeds of the Medicine King Chapter, the merits are immeasurable," it was indeed preached by the Buddha. Second, if the chapter title is placed at the beginning of the text, it is that the compilers of the Dharma treasury grasped the intent of the Buddha's words and therefore composed the chapter titles. Third, as in works like the Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra where the ninety-chapter text has no chapter titles, they were entirely composed by later figures. Therefore, Master Sengrui's preface to the Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra states Kumārajīva's words: "The Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra had only three chapters: namely, the 'Introductory Chapter', the 'Māra Deeds Chapter', and the 'Avaivartika Chapter'. Because chapters were not preached by the Buddha, the [other] two were omitted and only the 'Introductory Chapter' was retained." Thus we know that where they were not preached by the Buddha, later figures composed them.