法華義疏 1.146

1.146

《智度論》有三解：一云昔摩訶陀王生子，一頭兩面四臂，時人為不祥，裂其身首棄之曠野。羅剎女鬼名利監，合其身首以乳養之。後成大人，力能并兼諸國，取一萬八千王置此五山，以大力治閻浮提。此意明多王在此城，故名王舍城。餘二解如《論》文。更有人言：「有王失於正道，千國共廢，置此五山，退思補過後還共治國，故名此城以為王舍也。」真諦三藏引律毘婆沙云「凡轉輪王出世，相承卜居住此五山，故獨名此城以為王舍。」又律毘婆沙解云：「昔有四天王共攢乳海覓得甘露，未分，於此五山起舍守之。七日後方乃分，是故名為王舍。」故前謂人王起舍，後即天王起舍。依《仁王經》云「班足王收得一千王置五山內」，亦從多王作名，餘城無此眾事，故獨名此城以為王舍城。五山周匝如城，而於中起舍，兩事合舉名王舍城也。

The *Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa* (*Zhidu lun*) offers three explanations. First, it says that formerly the king of Magadha had a son born with one head, two faces, and four arms. The people of that time considered it an ill omen, severed his body and head, and abandoned them in the wilderness. A female rākṣasa named Lijian joined his body and head together and nursed him. Later, having grown to adulthood, his strength enabled him to annex various states. He captured eighteen thousand kings, placed them in these five mountains, and ruled Jambudvīpa with great power. The intention here is to explain that because many kings resided in this city, it was named 'King's Abode' (Rājagṛha). The remaining two explanations are as found in the text of the *Śāstra*. Furthermore, someone has said: 'There was a king who lost the correct path, and a thousand states collectively deposed him and placed him in these five mountains. Having withdrawn, reflected, and remedied his faults, he later returned to govern the kingdom together [with them]; hence this city was named "King's Abode".' Tripiṭaka Master Paramārtha cited the *Vinaya-vibhāṣā* as saying: 'Whenever a cakravartin appears in the world, succession is divined and they dwell in these five mountains; thus this city alone is named "King's Abode".' Again, the *Vinaya-vibhāṣā* explains: 'Anciently, the Four Heavenly Kings jointly churned the ocean of milk, sought and obtained the amṛta. Before dividing it, they erected an abode in these five mountains to guard it. Only after seven days did they divide it, and for this reason it was called "King's Abode".' Thus, the former refers to human kings erecting abodes, whereas the latter refers to heavenly kings erecting abodes. According to the *Renwang jing*, which says that 'King Kalmāṣapāda captured one thousand kings and placed them within the five mountains,' the name is likewise derived from the multiplicity of kings. As other cities lack these numerous events, this city alone is named Rājagṛha. The five mountains encircle it like a city wall, and within them abodes were erected; raising both matters together, it is named Rājagṛha.