法華義疏 10.150

10.150

凡有五義：一、開近顯遠。昔不明近是方便故方便門閉，今明近是方便則方便門開，既明近是方便則顯遠是真實。二、廢近立遠。昔立近廢遠，今對昔故立遠廢近。三、覆近開遠。如來近遠二種教門，猶如二鳥不相捨離，但為緣故今昔四句開覆：一者、今昔俱覆，昔覆遠、今則覆近。二、今昔俱開，昔開近、今開遠。三、昔覆今開，昔覆遠、今開遠。四、今覆昔開，今覆近、昔開近也。四者、指近為遠，此明近遠無二。如經云「吾今此身即是法身」。肇師云：「近捨丈六而遠求法身乎」。五者、破近明遠，前之四種則是約教，後之一門就彼迷情。若望迷情即是破近顯遠，若望佛教即是顯遠開近。故《法華論》云「出釋氏宮、伽耶成道，此明化佛，從此文去次明報佛」也。

There are five meanings altogether: First, opening proximity to reveal distance. In the past it was not clarified that proximity is an expedient means, so the expedient means gate was closed; now it is clarified that proximity is an expedient means, so the expedient means gate is opened. Having clarified that proximity is an expedient means, it reveals that distance is the real. Second, setting aside proximity and establishing distance. In the past proximity was established and distance set aside; now, contrasting with the past, distance is established and proximity set aside. Third, covering proximity and opening distance. The Tathāgata's two teaching gates of proximity and distance are like two birds that do not abandon each other, but for the sake of conditions there are four possibilities of opening and covering between the present and the past: (1) both present and past cover: the past covered distance, while the present covers proximity; (2) both present and past open: the past opened proximity, while the present opens distance; (3) the past covered and the present opens: the past covered distance, while the present opens distance; (4) the present covers and the past opened: the present covers proximity, while the past opened proximity. Fourth, pointing to proximity as distance: this clarifies that proximity and distance are not two. As the sūtra says: "My body right now is the dharmakāya." Master Zhao says: "Shall we cast aside the sixteen-foot body nearby to seek the dharmakāya afar?" Fifth, refuting proximity to clarify distance. The preceding four are with respect to teaching; the last gate relates to their deluded sentiments. If viewed against deluded sentiments, it is refuting proximity to reveal distance; if viewed against the Buddha's teaching, it is revealing distance to open proximity. Therefore the Fahua lun says: "Leaving the Śākya palace and realizing the Way at Gayā: this clarifies the transformation Buddha; from this text onward, it next clarifies the reward Buddha."