法華義疏 2.191

2.191

菩薩所行不出六度，六度即是因乘之體，故《智度論》云「六波羅蜜名為乘體」。今欲令菩薩乘是寶車直至道場，是故明六度行也。就檀度為二：初明外施，次明內施。外易內難故從易至難。外施為二：初明一切施，次明妙物施。初一行三句正明施行。「歡喜布施」此明施位。故地前十行初名歡喜行，初地行檀名歡喜地，故知是明位也。

The practices of a bodhisattva do not go beyond the six perfections; the six perfections are the very essence of the causal vehicle. Hence the *Dà zhìdù lùn* says: "The six pāramitās are called the essence of the vehicle." Now, wishing to cause the bodhisattvas to ride this precious carriage directly to the bodhimaṇḍa, it therefore explains the practice of the six perfections. Regarding the perfection of giving, there are two parts: first, explaining external giving; second, explaining internal giving. Because the external is easy and the internal is difficult, it proceeds from the easy to the difficult. External giving has two parts: first, explaining giving everything; second, explaining giving wondrous objects. The first stanza and three lines directly clarify the practice of giving. "Joyfully give" clarifies the stages of giving. Thus, among the ten practices prior to the bhūmis, the first is called the practice of joy; practicing giving on the first bhūmi is called the Joyous Stage (Pramuditā-bhūmi). Hence we know this clarifies the stages.