法華義疏 3.21

3.21

凡有三種：一、身方便，如現作二乘及垢衣長者、樹王之佛。二、口方便，則無三說三，謂虛指門外明有三車。三、意方便，則二思惟也：一、思惟尋念過去佛；二、思惟我出濁惡世。此則上同古佛下順眾生，二種因緣起方便智，謂意方便也。

There are three kinds in all: 1. Body upāya: such as manifesting as the two vehicles, the elder in dirty clothes, and the Buddha under the king of trees. 2. Speech upāya: that is, when there are no three, speaking of three, meaning falsely pointing outside the gate and declaring there are three carriages. 3. Mind upāya: that is, the two reflections: first, reflecting and remembering the past Buddhas; second, reflecting that I have appeared in an evil world of turbidities. This accords above with the ancient Buddhas and conforms below with sentient beings; these two kinds of conditions give rise to the wisdom of upāya, which is called mind upāya.