法華義疏 4.143

4.143

「舍利弗當知」下，自上已來頌一乘真實門竟。今是大段第二，頌三乘方便門。上長行文，略總辨諸佛出五濁世方便說三；今文廣釋之，明釋迦出五濁世，一期所化凡有四門：第一、居法身之地，見五濁眾生有苦無樂，故起大悲心。第二、悲心內充以本垂迹，初成道時欲說一乘拔物極苦與其極樂，但聖雖能授物物不能受，是故息一化。第三、既不堪受一化故，於一佛乘方便說三調柔其心。第四、明會三歸一。此之四門皆起五濁，故是釋上五濁章門。初見五濁故起大悲心，以有五濁不堪受一化，由有五濁故方便說三，五濁障消故後為說一，是故四章皆起五濁也。

From 'Śāriputra, you should know' downward, the versification of the gate of the real One Vehicle from above has ended. Now is the second major section, versifying the gate of the expedient three vehicles. The prose above briefly and generally explained that buddhas appear in the world of five defilements and preach the three [vehicles] through expedient means; the present text explains it in detail, clarifying that when Śākyamuni appeared in the world of five defilements, the conversion of his whole lifetime broadly comprised four gates: First, abiding in the ground of the dharmakāya, he saw that sentient beings in the five defilements have suffering and no joy, and therefore gave rise to great compassion. Second, filled internally with compassionate mind, he projected the traces from the origin: upon first achieving the path, he wished to preach the One Vehicle to eradicate the extreme suffering of beings and grant them ultimate joy; however, although the sage could bestow it, beings could not receive it, and therefore he ceased the unitary teaching. Third, since they could not endure the unitary teaching, for the sake of the One Buddha Vehicle he preached the three [vehicles] through expedient means to soften their minds. Fourth, he clarified the convergence of the three into the one. All four of these gates arise from the five defilements, and therefore they explain the above chapter gate on the five defilements: initially seeing the five defilements, he gave rise to great compassion; because there are the five defilements, they could not endure the unitary teaching; due to the five defilements, he expediently preached the three; and when the obstacles of the five defilements were cleared away, he later preached the one for them. Therefore, all four chapters arise from the five defilements.