法華義疏 6.116

6.116

「蚖蛇蝮蝎」，此第二，明下有毒虫以譬瞋使。愛唯在上不在下，譬同諸鳥；瞋唯在下不在於上，喻彼毒虫。蓋是一往開七使門，《毘曇》釋之，於文相似也。蚖蛇備有兩音，而形長一尺許，世人呼為蛇師，重嗔如蚖蛇蝮蝎，輕嗔如蜈蚣蚰蜒。守宮者婬妬之譬也。古人取此虫緘置箱內以真朱食之令赤。若王行不在，刺取血題內人臂，有私情者血沈入皮內，可以守宮人，故以為名也。「諸惡虫輩」者，總結眾邪。萬妬從嗔使支流生也。「交橫馳走」者，眾使亂起如交橫，起必疾利如馳走。「屎尿臭處」者，第二雙也。初明所惑之法，謂欲界五欲猶如屎尿，上二界雖無外欲而有內欲故稱「流溢」，皆為智人所惡名為「不淨」。「蜣蜋諸虫而集其上」者，此明能迷之使，謂凡夫癡迷而樂著不捨，如蜣蜋無識而集其上，此舉愛以顯癡也。前明愛瞋各在上下，故如彼虫鳥。今明三界悉是有漏不淨，無明煩惱通並迷之，故前明其別、今說於通，即是次第也。

"Vipers, snakes, adders, and scorpions": this is the second, explaining that below there are poisonous insects to illustrate the underlying tendency of anger. Craving is only above and not below, which is illustrated by the birds; anger is only below and not above, which is illustrated by those poisonous insects. This is generally opening the gate of the seven underlying tendencies; the Abhidharma explains it, and in text it is similar. Vipers and snakes have two sounds and are about one foot in length, which worldly people call "snake masters"; heavy anger is like vipers, snakes, adders, and scorpions, while light anger is like centipedes and house centipedes. The gecko is an illustration of lust and jealousy. In ancient times, people took this insect, closed it up in a box, and fed it pure cinnabar to make it red. If the king traveled away, they pricked it, took its blood, and marked the arms of the women of the inner palace; if one had illicit feelings, the blood sank into the skin. Since it could guard the palace women, it was given this name. "Various evil insects" summarizes all evils. The myriad jealousies arise from the branch streams of the underlying tendency of anger. "Running crosswise and scurrying": the various underlying tendencies arise turbulently like running crosswise; their arising is necessarily swift and sharp like scurrying. "Foul places of feces and urine" is the second pair. First, it explains the phenomena that are deluded about: the five desires of the desire realm are like feces and urine; although the upper two realms have no external desires, they have internal desires, hence called "overflowing"; all are detested by wise persons, termed "impure." "Dung beetles and various insects gathering upon them": this explains the underlying tendencies that are deluded; ordinary persons are foolishly deluded and fondly attached without relinquishing, like dung beetles lacking awareness and gathering upon them. This cites craving to reveal ignorance. Previously it explained that craving and anger are separately above and below, hence like those insects and birds. Now it explains that the three realms are entirely defiled and impure, and the affliction of ignorance pervades and is deluded about all of them; therefore, it previously explained their distinctions, and now speaks of their commonality, which is the sequence.