法華義疏 8.141

8.141

第四、所授記人門者，汎論得記人自有三種：一者、凡夫；二者、二乘；三者、菩薩。今此經備與三種人記，以此三人皆有佛性必當成佛，故並得記之。依《法華論》釋授聲聞記中有四種聲聞：一者、決定聲聞；二者、增上慢聲聞；三者、退菩提心聲聞；四者、應化聲聞。二種聲聞佛與授記，謂應化聲聞及退菩提心還發菩提心者也。決定、增上慢二人，根未熟故，佛不與授記。然決定聲聞保執小乘，增上慢人自謂究竟不信作佛，即不堪與記亦不堪破執及會歸義，而此經會一切二乘以成佛者，蓋是對應悟之人故說此經明破及會義耳。增上慢亦爾，如五千之徒不堪聞於破會，以根未熟故；常不輕所對增上慢者，其根已熟堪聞破會，故為說一乘也。

Fourth, regarding the gate of persons who receive prophecy: in general discussions of persons who receive prophecy, there are of themselves three kinds: first, ordinary beings; second, the two vehicles; third, bodhisattvas. Now, this sūtra confers prophecy on all three kinds of persons, because these three kinds of persons all have the Buddha-nature and will surely become Buddhas, and therefore they all receive prophecy. According to the explanation in the *Fahua lun* of conferring prophecy on śrāvakas, there are four kinds of śrāvakas: first, fixed śrāvakas; second, śrāvakas of overweening pride; third, śrāvakas who fell back from the mind of bodhi; fourth, emanated śrāvakas. The Buddha confers prophecy on two kinds of śrāvakas: namely, emanated śrāvakas, and those who fell back from the mind of bodhi and have resolved on it again. As for the two types who are fixed or have overweening pride, because their faculties are not yet mature, the Buddha does not confer prophecy upon them. However, fixed śrāvakas preserve and cling to the Hīnayāna, while persons of overweening pride consider themselves ultimate and do not believe they will become Buddhas; thus they are incapable of receiving prophecy, nor are they capable of having their attachments refuted and being converged. Yet this sūtra converges all of the two vehicles to attain Buddhahood only because it addresses those who are receptive to awakening, which is why this sūtra is preached to explain the refutation and convergence. The same is true of those of overweening pride: for example, the assembly of five thousand was incapable of hearing the refutation and convergence because their faculties were not yet mature; whereas those of overweening pride encountered by Sadāparibhūta had already matured their faculties and were capable of hearing the refutation and convergence, so he preached the ekayāna for them.