法華義疏 3.129

3.129

The phrase "The wisdom of the Buddhas is extremely profound and measureless" is the second: directly praising the two kinds of wisdom of all Buddhas. That the Buddha speaks of his own accord without anyone requesting it has two meanings: First, it shows that the Tathāgata's great compassion is pure and ultimate; when the capacity stirs, he preaches without waiting for others to entreat him. Master Sengzhao said, "A true friend does not wait to be asked, like an affectionate mother rushing to her infant." Second, wishing to reveal that the principle is profound and dark and that no one is able to ask, he therefore speaks of his own accord. As a later verse says: "Of the Dharma attained at the site of enlightenment, / None is able to pose questions." Regarding what is called wisdom, sūtra expositions differ: sometimes there is only one result-wisdom, called the as-it-is wisdom (yathābhūtajñāna); because delusion in the causal stage is not yet eliminated, what it illuminates is not yet real, whereas in the result stage there is no delusion that is not purified, so wisdom is wholly real. Sometimes two wisdoms are opened: illuminating emptiness is the knowledge of all phenomena (sarvajñatā), and discerning existence is the knowledge of all aspects (sarvākārajñatā); these take their names from the two truths illuminated, for since phenomena do not depart from the ultimate and conventional, wisdom is opened into only two. Sometimes three wisdoms are opened, as spoken in this sūtra's Entrustment Chapter: "Buddha wisdom, Tathāgata wisdom, and spontaneous wisdom." Buddha wisdom is the knowledge of all aspects; Tathāgata wisdom is the knowledge of all phenomena; spontaneous wisdom is non-intentional wisdom. The above two wisdoms know spontaneously without needing deliberation; hence it is called spontaneous. Further, four wisdoms are mentioned, as spoken in the Parable Chapter; the first three are the same as above, and the fourth is called teacherless wisdom. Teacherless wisdom means that the above three wisdoms are not obtained from a teacher. These four wisdoms are the central doctrine of the sūtra, and are therefore called the wisdom of the Buddhas.