法華遊意 1.163

1.163

上來總釋偈竟，今次別釋偈文。夫造十惡業報感三途故稱為麁，五戒招得人報則以人乘為妙；人乘樂少苦多故稱為麁，十善感得天身則苦少樂多則天乘為妙；人天未勉生老病死故名為麁，聲聞得出三界故名為妙；聲聞福少鈍根稱之為麁，緣覺福厚利根名之為妙；聲聞緣覺累猶未盡、德猶未圓故稱為麁，唯有佛乘德無不圓、累無不盡故稱為妙。

The general explanation of the verse above is finished; now the verse text will be explained separately. Committing the ten unwholesome actions incurs the retribution of the three evil destinies, and is therefore called coarse; observing the five precepts obtains the human retribution, so the human vehicle is taken as sublime. The human vehicle has little joy and much suffering, and is therefore called coarse; performing the ten wholesome actions obtains a heavenly body with little suffering and much joy, so the deva vehicle is sublime. Humans and devas have not escaped birth, aging, sickness, and death, and are therefore called coarse; śrāvakas are able to exit the three realms, and are therefore called sublime. Śrāvakas have little merit and dull faculties, and are termed coarse; pratyekabuddhas have abundant merit and sharp faculties, and are called sublime. For śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas, encumbrances are not yet exhausted and virtues are not yet complete, and they are therefore called coarse; only the Buddha vehicle has no virtue that is not complete and no encumbrance that is not exhausted, and is therefore called sublime.