妙法蓮華經玄贊 1.77

1.77

復有六眾：一多寶，二分身，三龍宮，四涌出，五妙音，六普賢。此眾二徒，聞法證法、行法持法、說法護法有差別故。此中有六門異：一三乘無獨覺，獨覺多分出無佛世，教雖被彼時無果成，故不在會，《仁王經》中即具有之，下文亦陳有求彼者。二三界無無色界，光照有緣可來聞法，彼界光所不及、機亦不熟，所以不來，《仁王》亦有。三五趣無地獄，光雖照彼，無緣不來。來有二義：一光照，二有緣。地獄光臨，無緣不至，無色並𨷂，所以不來。一乘進習必假容豫之身，地獄苦逼無暇可習。《陀羅尼經》本息眾苦，威力所致，地獄亦來。此經進善，彼無容暇，故彼不來。所以光照者，令見生厭故，令彼見光發心苦息故。四四眾無優婆塞優婆夷，下威儀成就中具列，初文略故。五八部無夜叉及摩睺羅伽，下亦具有。六二王無轉輪聖王，唯有小王，下亦具有，此後三無，下明所依威儀成就中，一切具列。

Furthermore, there are six assemblies: 1. Prabhūtaratna; 2. the emanations; 3. the dragon palace; 4. those welling forth from the earth; 5. Gadgadasvara; 6. Samantabhadra. In these assemblies there are two groups, because there are differences in hearing the Dharma and realizing the Dharma, practicing the Dharma and upholding the Dharma, preaching the Dharma and protecting the Dharma. Here there are six differences: First, among the three vehicles, there are no pratyekabuddhas; pratyekabuddhas mostly appear in an era without a buddha, and though the teaching extends to them, at that time no fruit is achieved, so they are not in the assembly. The *Benevolent Kings Sūtra* contains them, and below the text also mentions those who seek that [vehicle]. Second, among the three realms, there is no formless realm; those illuminated by the light who have affinity may come to hear the Dharma, but the light does not reach that realm, nor are their faculties mature, which is why they do not come. The *Benevolent Kings [Sūtra]* has them as well. Third, among the five destinies, there is no hell; although the light shines upon them, lacking affinity they do not come. Coming involves two factors: first, being illuminated by the light; second, having affinity. When the light reaches the hells, lacking affinity they do not arrive; the formless realm lacks both, which is why they do not come. Progressing and training in the Single Vehicle necessarily relies on a body of leisure and ease; those oppressed by the suffering of the hells have no leisure to train. The *Dhāraṇī Sūtra* originally aims to quell all sufferings, and through its powerful force, those in the hells also come. This sūtra is for progressing in goodness, and since they lack leisure, they do not come. The reason the light shines upon them is to cause revulsion to arise upon seeing it, and to cause them, upon seeing the light, to arouse the aspiration so that their suffering ceases. Fourth, among the four assemblies, there are no upāsakas or upāsikās; they are fully listed below under the fulfillment of deportment, being omitted initially for brevity. Fifth, among the eight classes, there are no yakṣas or mahoragas; they are also fully present below. Sixth, among the two kinds of kings, there are no cakravartin kings, but only lesser kings; they are also fully present below. These latter three absences are all fully listed below in the clarification of the fulfillment of deportment upon which they rely.