妙法蓮華經玄贊 2.54

2.54

贊曰：此色界天。梵云索訶，此云堪忍，諸菩薩等行利樂時，多諸怨嫉眾苦逼惱，堪耐勞倦而忍受故，因以為名。「娑婆」者訛也。初禪大小等於欲界一四天下，一千初禪始等二禪；二禪為火災頂，一千二禪始等三禪；三禪為水災頂，一千三禪始等四禪；四禪為風災頂，乃是三千大千世界，號為娑婆世界也。故娑婆界主大梵王，即第四禪主。梵摩云寂靜、清淨、淨潔皆得，亦云梵潔也。今唯言梵，但略云爾。「尸棄」者，火災頂即初禪主，火災尖頂故。「光明」者，二禪主小光、無量光、極光淨天主故，等表三禪主也。然《大般若》五百七十云：「堪忍界主持髻梵王」，故尸棄者頂髻也，即持髻梵王是堪忍界主，梵王之別名；光明是餘禪主。

The commentary: These are the devas of the form realm. In Sanskrit it is sahā, translated here as 'endurance': when the bodhisattvas practice benefiting and gladdening [beings], there is much resentment, jealousy, and affliction by myriad sufferings, and because they can endure weariness and bear it, it is named after this. 'Saba' is corrupt. The extent of the First Dhyāna is equal to one four-continent world of the desire realm; one thousand First Dhyānas are just equal to the Second Dhyāna; the Second Dhyāna is the summit of the fire disaster; one thousand Second Dhyānas are just equal to the Third Dhyāna; the Third Dhyāna is the summit of the water disaster; one thousand Third Dhyānas are just equal to the Fourth Dhyāna; the Fourth Dhyāna is the summit of the wind disaster, which is the trichiliocosm, called the Sahā world. Therefore, the lord of the Sahā world, the Great Brahmā King, is the lord of the Fourth Dhyāna. Brahmā means 'quietude', 'purity', or 'cleanliness', all being acceptable, and is also called 'Brahman purity'. Now it simply says 'Brahmā', which is merely an abbreviation. 'Śikhin' is the summit of the fire disaster, namely the lord of the First Dhyāna, because the fire disaster has a pointed summit. 'Radiance' is the lord of the Second Dhyāna, because he is the lord of the Minor Radiance, Immeasurable Radiance, and Ultimate Radiant Purity Heavens; 'and so on' indicates the lord of the Third Dhyāna. However, the Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā, chapter 570, says: 'Brahmā King Topknot-Holder, lord of the Endurance World'; therefore Śikhin means topknot, namely Brahmā King Topknot-Holder is the lord of the Endurance World, an alternative name for the Brahmā King; Radiance is the lord of the other dhyānas.