妙法蓮華經玄贊 5.254

5.254

贊曰：此有四嚴：七交絡，八垂瓔，九敷設，十安枕。「交絡」者四弘願也。凡所脩行皆發四大願：一以此善根願共眾生，未離苦者願令離苦。二未得樂者願令得樂。三未發菩提心斷惡脩善者，願發菩提心斷惡脩善。四未成佛者願早成佛，願如寶繩交絡諸行令當得果，勝決定故邪見暴風不能傾損。又《勝鬘》言「攝受正法攝一切願」。《瑜伽》等說「總有二願：求菩提願、利樂他願」。「垂諸華纓」者垂纓也。即是四攝，垂攝四生：一布施，二愛語，三利行，四同事。「華」音有二：花及華，飾纓以花飾，或華飾之纓也。「重敷婉莚」者，「敷」陳設也。有作「綩綖」，「綩」音《字林》一遠反，《玉篇》綩，紘也；紘，冠也。今應作「婉」婉美文章，「綖」者席褥，應作「莚」字，《切韻》「綖者冠上覆」，《玉篇》「冠前後而垂者名綖」。今取文縟華氈之類綩綖以為茵蓐，不知義何所從，故字應從「婉莚」。古有解言，靜慮為綩綖，心常安處故。四禪上下異，故名為重敷。此理不然。《無垢稱》云：「四靜慮為床，淨命為茵縟」，身語意業皆無貪，發心恒遊處，常行淨命離五邪命，三業俱爾名為重敷。「安置丹枕」者，安枕也。古解涅槃能息生死，今釋滅定能息攀緣，倚之疲解故名安枕，既安車上明非涅槃，但取滅定。枕有仙丹，枕之增壽，故名丹枕；無漏滅定亦復如是，增聖道故。此理不爾。西域無故。謂枕赤色，內貯綿疊外以赤皮故名丹枕。亦有解云，體即無漏信等五根，扶持聖者由如枕故。

The Commentary says: Here there are four adornments: seventh, the crisscrossing ropes; eighth, the hanging tassels; ninth, the spread mats; tenth, the placed pillows. As for "crisscrossing ropes," these are the four great vows. Whenever one undertakes practices, one invariably gives rise to four great vows: First, with these roots of virtue, one vows to share them with sentient beings, so that those who have not escaped suffering are caused to escape suffering; second, those who have not attained bliss are caused to attain bliss; third, those who have not yet generated the bodhicitta to cut off evil and cultivate good are caused to generate the bodhicitta to cut off evil and cultivate good; fourth, those who have not yet attained buddhahood are caused quickly to attain buddhahood. The vows, like precious ropes, interlace all practices so that they will attain the fruition; because of their supreme decisiveness, the violent winds of false views cannot overturn or damage them. Furthermore, the Śrīmālā[devī-sūtra] states: "Upholding the True Dharma embraces all vows." The Yogācārabhūmi and other texts state: "In general there are two vows: the vow to seek bodhi, and the vow to benefit and bring bliss to others." As for "hanging floral tassels," this is the hanging tassels. These are precisely the four means of embracing (saṃgraha-vastu), hanging down to embrace the four modes of birth: first, giving; second, kind speech; third, beneficial action; fourth, shared labor. The character hua (華) has two readings: flower and splendor; tassels adorned with flowers, or tassels of floral adornment. As for "thickly spread with fine mats," "spread" (敷) means laid out. Some write this as 綩綖 (wan-yan). Regarding wan (綩), the pronunciation in the Zilin is a phonetic blend of yi (一) and yuan (遠); the Yupian says wan means a hat-ribbon (紘); a hat-ribbon is a cap. Here it should be written wan (婉), meaning graceful and beautiful patterning. Yan (綖) means a mat or mattress, and should be written with the character yan (莚); the Qieyun says: "Yan is the cover over a cap"; the Yupian says: "That which hangs before and behind a cap is called yan." Now taking embroidered fabrics, patterned felt, and the like as wan-yan to mean mats and cushions, I do not know where that meaning derives from; therefore the characters should be written "婉莚" (fine mats). An ancient commentary explains: "Dhyāna is the fine mats, because the mind constantly rests there in peace. Because the four dhyānas differ above and below, they are called 'thickly spread.'" This logic is not correct. The Vimalakīrti-nirdeśa states: "The four dhyānas are the couch, and pure livelihood is the mattress." When the bodily, verbal, and mental karmas are all devoid of greed, and the aspiration of mind constantly dwells and wanders there, always practicing pure livelihood and abandoning the five wrongful livelihoods, with all three karmas being like this—this is called "thickly spread." As for "and placed with red pillows," this is placing the pillows. An ancient commentary explains that nirvāṇa can put to rest birth and death; the present explanation takes the meditative absorption of cessation (nirodha-samāpatti) to be capable of putting cognitive grasping to rest; leaning against it relieves weariness, hence it is called "placing pillows." Since they are placed on the cart, it is clear this is not nirvāṇa, but only refers to the meditative absorption of cessation. Pillows contain immortal elixirs (cinnabar), and resting on them increases one's lifespan, hence they are called "cinnabar (red) pillows"; the untainted meditative absorption of cessation is also like this, because it enhances the noble path. This logic is not so, for such things do not exist in the Western Regions. It simply means the pillows are red in color, stuffed inside with cotton and quilted fabric, and covered outside with red leather, hence called "red pillows." There is also an explanation stating that their own-nature is precisely the five untainted faculties of faith and so forth, supporting the noble one just like a pillow.