妙法蓮華經玄贊 2.109

2.109

There are four wheel-turning sage kings (cakravartirāja). A verse in the Renwang jing says: "Bodhisattvas of the ten virtues give rise to the great mind / And forever part from the ocean of the wheel of suffering in the three realms. / Kings of scattered millet have middling and inferior virtue; / Kings of the iron wheel have superior ten virtues. / Copper wheels of the lineage of practice rule two continents; / Silver wheels rule three heavens in the nature lineage; / Wheel-turning kings of the path lineage have firm virtue; / With golden light of the seven treasures they rule four continents." This differs from the three lineages in other sūtras, and also differs from the golden-wheel stage in the Daśabhūmika-sūtra; they should be reconciled and explained. As the second chapter of the Saddharmasmṛtyupasthāna-sūtra and the fourth fascicle of the Yogācārabhūmi extensively explain the marks of karma and its fruition, in accordance with what is appropriate, they evoke and obtain the seven treasures and items such as the four wheels of gold, silver, copper, and iron, by which they transform [beings]. Seeing the wondrous rarity of the spiritual transformations, they attained what they had never experienced before. Giving rise to a superior mind so as to accord with the Way, they joyfully joined their palms. Quieting their minds to listen in stillness, they were single-minded; hoping that golden words would be uttered, they contemplated the Buddha.