妙法蓮華經玄贊 2.195

2.195

The Commentary says: These three verses concern wisdom (prajñā). The first one concerns subsequently attained cognition (pṛṣṭhalabdha-jñāna), because the gift of Dharma is inexhaustible. The Kāśyapa-sūtra says: "If one filled worlds as numerous as the sands of the Ganges with rare jewels and offered them to all Tathāgatas, it would not equal the gift of the Dharma. Though giving jewels yields much merit, it cannot equal a single gift of Dharma; the merit of a single verse is far superior, how much more so that which is abundant and inconceivable." The next verse concerns fundamental cognition (mūla-jñāna), because it realizes the signless (animitta). "Two marks" (dvaya-lakṣaṇa) refers to conceptual discrimination. Free from the two marks is precisely the Dharma-gate of non-duality found in other sūtras; just as the three categories expound the meaning of non-duality, before the stages (bhūmi) practitioners train in cultivating the marked and the signless, benefiting others and benefiting oneself, practicing the two cognitions. The final verse concerns the preparatory stage (prayoga-mārga) in seeking the correct path. "Teach" (jiao) has the fanqie sound gu + xiao; it means instructing and indicating. "Admonish" (zhao) has the fanqie sound zhu + yao; it means guiding, that is, instructing and guiding. Zhao also means illuminating: when one is benighted regarding achievements, one incurs transgressions; by showing this to them, it is made clearly visible. Some versions also have "teaching and summoning" (jiao-zhao), where jiao has no level tone, and zhao means beckoning and encouraging.