觀音義疏 2.24

2.24

次明六度菩薩，菩薩有慈悲，不斷惑在生死利物名女，行六度方便智慧名男。女人法應生子，慈悲法應受生死化物，化於前人善心開發即是生子義，前人生五度者是生女、前人生智慧是生男。若定、慧義不成，則菩薩行不立，故求觀音而獲願滿。次通菩薩既斷煩惱，則有智斷緣諦理之慧為男，慈悲扶餘習入三界名女。何以故？如男法不生表智慧決斷，斷於煩惱不生三界，而今還生者，乃是慈扶餘習，故得更生，稱之為女，求願觀音蒙此願滿。次明別教十信菩薩，修福德莊嚴五波羅蜜為女，從一地、二地智慧莊嚴為男，三十心名男女交處聖胎。初地中道正智開發名為男生，無緣慈心發名為女生，此兩要在初地方得開發，亦名男女雙生，若不如此即墮二乘生死兩邊之過。生此男女者生大歡喜，故稱歡喜地。慈悲被物，物荷恩故，稱為大慈大悲。大慈大悲能成佛道，生出般若，是諸佛之祖母，故稱為大女。十力、無畏等眾生不知，故不名為大也。次圓教以無緣慈悲種三十二相業亦名為女，此女端正有相；以中道智慧為男，此男質直福德；十信六根清淨名為處胎，初住慈智，男女雙生。若得此男，不畏愛見，大悲順道法愛，亦不畏無慧方便縛、無方便慧縛。方便與慧俱解者，即男女具足。

Next, explaining the bodhisattvas of the six perfections: the bodhisattva possesses loving-kindness and compassion, not severing delusions while remaining in birth and death to benefit beings, which is called a daughter; practicing the six perfections with expedient wisdom is called a son. A woman's nature is properly to give birth to children; the nature of loving-kindness and compassion is properly to undergo birth and death to transform beings. When the good mind of another person is developed, that is the meaning of giving birth to children: when another person gives birth to the first five perfections, that is giving birth to a daughter; when another person gives birth to wisdom, that is giving birth to a son. If the meanings of concentration and wisdom are not established, the bodhisattva practices will not stand; hence, seeking Avalokiteśvara, they obtain the fulfillment of their vows. Next, since the bodhisattva of the Shared Teaching has severed afflictions, having the wisdom that severs and accords with the truth of the principle is a son; with loving-kindness and compassion upholding residual traces to enter the three realms is a daughter. Why is this? Just as a man's nature does not give birth, representing the decisiveness of wisdom that severs afflictions and does not take birth in the three realms, yet now they are born again because loving-kindness upholds residual traces, thus enabling them to be born again, this is called a daughter; seeking vows from Avalokiteśvara, they receive the fulfillment of this vow. Next, explaining the bodhisattva of the ten faiths in the Separate Teaching: cultivating the five pāramitās as adornments of blessed virtue is a daughter; the adornment of wisdom from the first stage and second stage is a son; the thirty minds are called sons and daughters dwelling together in the holy womb. The blossoming of the correct wisdom of the middle way at the first stage is called the birth of a son; the arousal of the mind of unconditioned loving-kindness is called the birth of a daughter. These two essentials can only blossom at the first stage; this is also called the twin birth of a son and a daughter. If it were not like this, one would fall into the error of the two extremes of the two vehicles and of birth and death. Giving birth to these sons and daughters brings great joy; hence it is called the Joyous Stage. Because loving-kindness and compassion cover beings and beings receive their grace, it is called great loving-kindness and great compassion. Great loving-kindness and great compassion can accomplish the Buddha path and give birth to prajñā; they are the grandmother of all Buddhas, and hence are called the great daughter. Sentient beings do not understand the ten powers, fearlessnesses, and so forth, so these are not called great. Next, in the Perfect Teaching, planting the karma of the thirty-two marks with unconditioned loving-kindness and compassion is also called a daughter; this daughter is upright, handsome, and possesses marks. Taking the wisdom of the middle way as a son, this son is straightforward and has blessed virtue. The purity of the six sense faculties in the ten faiths is called dwelling in the womb; at the first abidance, loving-kindness and wisdom are the twin birth of a son and a daughter. If one obtains this son, one does not fear craving and views, the great compassion conforming to the path, or dharma-attachment; nor does one fear being bound by wisdom without skillful means or bound by skillful means without wisdom. When skillful means and wisdom are both liberated, son and daughter are fully complete.